Table 3.
Procedural data according to the study arm
| QDOT-by-LAWT (n = 81) | CLOSE (n = 81) | Total patients (n = 162) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ventilation rate (breaths/min) | 50.0 ± 3.9 | 49.7 ± 4.4 | 49.8 ± 4.1 | 0.78 |
| Tidal volume (mL) | 237.2 ± 46.0 | 237.9 ± 38.2 | 237.6 ± 42.0 | 0.84 |
| Procedure time skin-to-skin (min) | 40.0 (35.0–48.0) | 70.0 (60.0–76.0) | 54.5 (40.0–70.0) | <0.001 |
| Vascular access and TSP (min) | 5.0 (4.0–6.0) | 5.0 (5.0–6.0) | 5.0 (4.0–6.0) | 0.16 |
| FAM and LAWT map integration (min) | 11.0 (10.0–15.0) | 12.0 (10.0–15.0) | 12.0 (10.0–15.0) | 0.10 |
| Ablation and PVI confirmation (min) | 26.0 (23.0–32.0) | 53.0 (46.0–59.0) | 41.0 (26.0–53.0) | <0.001 |
| Fluoroscopy time (s) | 59 (39–94) | 74 (57–134) | 65.0 (48.0–114.0) | 0.01 |
| Fluoroscopy dose (mGy) | 3.7 (2.0–5.7) | 4.7 (3.1–8.4) | 4.1 (2.3–6.8) | 0.02 |
| Dose area product (Gy cm2) | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) | 1.4 (0.9–2.3) | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 0.01 |
| Total RF time (min) | 6.6 (5.9–7.9) | 25.7 (23.2–28.5) | 9.7 (6.6–25.6) | <0.001 |
| Total VisiTags | 60.0 (52.0–66.0) | 46.0 (43.0–51.0) | 52.0 (46.0–62.0) | <0.001 |
| Right pulmonary veins | ||||
| RF time (min) | 2.5 (2.2–3.2) | 12.5 (11.0–14.2) | 7.6 (2.5–12.5) | <0.001 |
| VisiTags | 32 (29–36) | 22 (20–26) | 28 (22–33) | <0.001 |
| First-pass isolation | 75 (92.6) | 76 (93.8) | 151 (93.2) | 0.99 |
| Acute reconnection | 6 (7.4) | 3 (3.7) | 9 (5.6) | 0.50 |
| Anterior right PVs antrum WT (mm) | 1.31 (1.02–1.62) | 1.29 (1.00–1.59) | 1.30 (1.01–1.61) | 0.42 |
| Posterior right PVs antrum WT (mm) | 0.99 (0.74–1.23) | 0.98 (0.72–1.20) | 0.99 (0.73–1.21) | 0.46 |
| Left pulmonary veins | ||||
| RF time (min) | 4.1 (3.4–5.0) | 13.2 (10.8–15.1) | 7.5 (4.1–13.1) | <0.001 |
| VisiTags | 26 (23–30) | 25 (21–27) | 26 (22–29) | 0.01 |
| First-pass isolation | 74 (91.4) | 74 (91.4) | 148 (91.4) | 0.99 |
| Acute reconnection | 2 (2.5) | 1 (1.2) | 3 (1.9) | 0.99 |
| Anterior left PV antrum WT (mm) | 1.97 (1.54–2.36) | 1.94 (1.52–2.34) | 1.95 (1.53–2.35) | 0.36 |
| Posterior left PV antrum WT (mm) | 0.97 (0.73–1.24) | 0.95 (0.71–1.21) | 0.96 (0.72–1.23) | 0.43 |
| Overall acute first-pass | 68 (84.0) | 69 (85.2) | 137 (84.6) | 0.99 |
| Overall acute reconnection | 8 (9.9) | 4 (4.9) | 12 (7.4) | 0.37 |
| Acute procedural complication | 1 (1.2) | 2 (2.5) | 3 (1.9) | 0.99 |
Results are reported as n (%) for categorical variables and median (inter-quartile range) or mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables. P-values indicative of statistically significant differences are shown in bold.
AI, ablation index; FAM, fast anatomical map; RF, radiofrequency; SR, sinus rhythm; TSP, transseptal puncture; WT, wall thickness.