Table 4.
Post-treatment comparison EG VS CG (results are reported as mean ± standard deviation).
| EG (T1) | CG (T1) | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sleep Disturbances Scale for Children (SDSC) | Disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) | 13.4 ± 6.1 | 12.3 ± 3.1 | 0.583 |
| Sleep breathing disorders (SBD) | 4.4 ± 2.4 | 3.9 ± 1.0 | 0.536 | |
| Disorders of arousal (DA) | 2.9 ± 1.0 | 3.7 ± 1.3 | 0.060 | |
| Sleep wake transition disorders (SWTD) | 8.0 ± 2.9 | 9.4 ± 2.3 | 0.184 | |
| Disorders of excessive somnolence (DOES) | 5.6 ± 1.9 | 5.0 ± 1.3 | 0.410 | |
| Sleep hyperhidrosis (SHY) | 3.4 ± 1.8 | 2.4 ± 1.0 | 0.100 | |
| Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) total score | 37.7 ± 12.7 | 36.7 ± 7.4 | 0.814 | |
| Italian Questionnaires of Temperament (QUIT) | Social orientation | 3.7 ± 1.2 | 4.2 ± 1.1 | 0.242 |
| Inhibition to novelty | 3.1 ± 1.2 | 2.5 ± 0.8 | 0.179 | |
| Motor activity | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 2.9 ± 1.0 | 0.196 | |
| Positive emotionality | 4.4 ± 1.2 | 4.9 ± 0.8 | 0.231 | |
| Negative emotionality | 2.4 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 0.7 | 0.389 | |
| Attention | 3.8 ± 0.9 | 4.4 ± 1.0 | 0.107 | |
| Pediatric Quality of Life 2.0 Family Impact Module (PEDSQL-F) | Physical Functioning (PF) | 61.2 ± 20.8 | 80.4 ± 11.8 | 0.010 |
| Emotional Functioning (EF) | 69.6 ± 22.6 | 80.0 ± 20.3 | 0.216 | |
| Social Functioning (SF) | 68.3 ± 26.4 | 80.0 ± 18.6 | 0.209 | |
| Cognitive Functioning (CF) | 73.6 ± 18.2 | 78.0 ± 24.3 | 0.557 | |
| Communication (Com) | 73.0 ± 21.6 | 85.8 ± 18.4 | 0.108 | |
| Worry (W) | 52.4 ± 21.5 | 57.5 ± 28.2 | 0.566 | |
| Daily Activities (DA) | 46.0 ± 24.7 | 60.0 ± 21.8 | 0.127 | |
| Family Relationships (FR) | 77.8 ± 23.5 | 82.0 ± 17.4 | 0.613 | |
| Total Score (TOT) | 65.5 ± 17.9 | 75.8 ± 15.6 | 0.123 | |
| Parent HRQL Summary Score (HRQL) | 67.5 ± 19.2 | 79.6 ± 14.8 | 0.083 | |
| Family Functioning Summary Score (FFSS) | 65.9 ± 22.2 | 73.8 ± 15.0 | 0.311 | |
| Pediatric Quality of Life (PEDSQL-C) | Physical Functioning (PF) | 46.7 ± 24.7 | 46.6 ± 30.6 | 0.988 |
| Physical Symptoms (PS)* | 62.8 ± 16.8 | - | - | |
| Emotional Functioning (EF) | 71.7 ± 23.9 | 76.0 ± 13.3 | 0.597 | |
| Social Functioning (SF) | 60.5 ± 27.3 | 68.0 ± 19.9 | 0.438 | |
| Cognitive Functioning (CF)* | 32.5 ± 37.2 | - | - | |
| School Functioning (SchF) | 56.9 ± 18.6 | 72.8 ± 22.1 | 0.163 | |
| Psychosocial Health Summary Scale (PsyHSS) | 62.5 ± 20.8 | 72.4 ± 16.1 | 0.188 | |
| Physical Health Summary Scale (PhyHSS) | 48.6 ± 25.0 | 46.6 ± 30.6 | 0.842 | |
| Total Score (TOT) | 56.7 ± 18.5 | 63.2 ± 19.8 | 0.368 | |
| Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) | Parental Distress (PD) | 55.4 ± 31.5 | 42.6 ± 35.7 | 0.303 |
| Parent–Child Dysfunctional Interaction (PCDI) | 60.2 ± 23.6 | 41.1 ± 22.6 | 0.036 | |
| Difficult Child (DC) | 54.0 ± 32.9 | 41.6 ± 29.8 | 0.310 | |
| Defensive Responding (DR) | 47.4 ± 30.1 | 39.1 ± 35.6 | 0.489 | |
| Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) total score | 57.6 ± 29.4 | 41.1 ± 31.9 | 0.152 |
Statistically significant values are formatted in bold. *The empty PS and CF cells of the PEDSQL-C correspond to dimensions that cannot be evaluated in the age range of the CG study population.