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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Apr 24.
Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Biomed Data Sci. 2022 Apr 26;5:67–94. doi: 10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-121721-095858

Table 2.-.

Chaperones and enzymes involved in protein biogenesis

Protein Function References
Methionine Aminopeptidase (MAP) Co-translational cleavage of N-terminal initiator methionine on nascent polypeptide 10, 17
N-terminal Acetylase (NAT) Co-translational acetylation of N-terminus of nascent polypeptide 10, 11
Ribosome-associated complex (RAC) Heterodimer of J-domain/Hsp70 [Zuo1/Ssz1(Yeast) MPP11/Hsp70L1(Mammals)]. Chaperones nascent polypeptide and recruits Ssb/Hsp70 to ribosomes 10, 17, 28, 31
Hsp70 (Ssb) ATP-dependent co- and post-translational protein folding. Cooperates with J-domain proteins and NEFs 10, 17, 26, 27, 30
Nascent-polypeptide Associated Complex (NAC) Enhances fidelity of protein localization. Protects nascent polypeptide from misfolding and aggregation. 10, 17, 21, 22, 23
Prefoldin (PFD) Protects and relays nascent proteins to TRiC. Also called GIMc 34, 35, 36, 37
TCP-1 Ring Complex (TRiC) Forms an enclosed chamber providing optimal folding environment for proteins that are difficult to fold in cytosolic environment. Also called CCT 36, 37, 38
Signal Recognition Particle (SRP) Co-translational delivery of ribosomes translating ER/Secretory proteins to ER 39, 40, 43
Guided-entry of Tail-anchored proteins (GET) Post-translational delivery of tail-anchored proteins to ER 39, 42