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. 2023 Dec 12;95(5):442–453. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2023-331988

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Scatter plots of the effect sizes of the included conservative non-pharmacological interventions. A&P, Activity and Participation; AFO/FO, Ankle Foot Orthosis/Foot Orthosis; AROM, Active Range of Motion; BF, Body Function; BMD, Becker Muscular Dystrophy; BS, Body Structure; CBT, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy; CMD, Congenital Muscular Dystrophy; DM1, Myotonic Dystrophy type 1; DM2, Myotonic Dystrophy type 2; DMD, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy; ES, Effect Size; FES, Functional Electrical Stimulation; FSHD, Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy; HPVGS, High Volt Pulsed Galvanic Stimulator; KAFO, Knee Ankle Foot Orthosis; LGMD, Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy; MD, Muscular Dystrophy; NMES, Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation; PROM, Passive Range Of Motion; QoL, Quality of Life; VPA, Vibratory Proprioceptive Assistance; WBVT, Whole-Body Vibration Training.