Fig. 1. Mechanism of SOS1 inhibitors in RAS-driven malignancies. KRAS can exist in inactive (GDP-bound) or active (GTP-bound) states. SOS1 facilitates the exchange of GDP for GTP, activating RAS. In its activated state, RAS interacts with downstream effectors, initiating vital cellular pathways, such as MAP kinase signalling, critical for cell survival, growth, angiogenesis, cancer cell invasion, and migration. SOS1 inhibitors block GTP loading, maintaining RAS in an inactive state, preventing excessive downstream signalling, and offering a potential therapeutic approach for RAS-driven malignancies. Figure created with https://BioRender.com.