Extended Data Table 4: qpAdm models that fit non-Core Yamnaya.
We use the following sources to model Yamnaya-related populations other than the Core and Don Yamnaya: CoreYamnaya, Romania_C_Bodrogkeresztur, Romania_N, Serbia_IronGates_Mesolithic, Trypillia, Ukraine_N, Usatove. The Baden individuals from Hungary represent a reburial into a kurgan82 and are predominantly of European farmer, not Yamnaya, ancestry. The Riltsi individual is shown with Usatove ancestry here and can also be modeled with about half Remontnoye ancestry, as the Usatove have ancestry from the CLV cline.15
| Modeled group | A | B | P-value | A | B | S.E. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bulgaria_C_ProtoYamnaya | Serbia_IronGates_Mesolithic | Usatove | 0.062 | 17.5% | 82.5% | 2.4% |
| Bulgaria_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Romania_C_Bodrogkeresztur | 0.883 | 85.4% | 14.6% | 1.4% |
| Bulgaria_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Romania_N | 0.682 | 86.7% | 13.3% | 1.3% |
| Bulgaria_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Trypillia | 0.719 | 82.9% | 17.1% | 1.7% |
| Bulgaria_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Usatove | 0.396 | 66.7% | 33.3% | 3.3% |
| Bulgaria_Riltsi_EBA_Yamnaya | Romania_N | Usatove | 0.079 | 25.3% | 74.7% | 5.8% |
| Hungary_LateC_EBA_Baden_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Romania_C_Bodrogkeresztur | 0.113 | 3.4% | 96.6% | 1.5% |
| Hungary_LateC_EBA_Baden_Yamnaya | Romania_C_Bodrogkeresztur | Serbia_IronGates_Mesolithic | 0.309 | 95.9% | 4.1% | 1.4% |
| Hungary_LateC_EBA_Baden_Yamnaya | Romania_C_Bodrogkeresztur | Trypillia | 0.114 | 77.6% | 22.4% | 9.7% |
| Hungary_LateC_EBA_Baden_Yamnaya | Romania_C_Bodrogkeresztur | Ukraine_N | 0.197 | 96.2% | 3.8% | 1.5% |
| Hungary_LateC_EBA_Baden_Yamnaya | Romania_C_Bodrogkeresztur | Usatove | 0.099 | 94.2% | 5.8% | 2.5% |
| Hungary_LateC_EBA_Baden_Yamnaya | Romania_N | Serbia_IronGates_Mesolithic | 0.323 | 87.0% | 13.0% | 1.7% |
| Hungary_LateC_EBA_Baden_Yamnaya | Romania_N | Ukraine_N | 0.094 | 86.9% | 13.1% | 1.7% |
| Moldova_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Romania_C_Bodrogkeresztur | 0.724 | 93.8% | 6.2% | 0.9% |
| Moldova_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Romania_N | 0.571 | 94.3% | 5.7% | 0.8% |
| Moldova_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Trypillia | 0.675 | 92.7% | 7.3% | 1.0% |
| Moldova_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Usatove | 0.367 | 86.0% | 14.0% | 2.2% |
| Moldova_GlobularAmphora_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Trypillia | 0.053 | 88.7% | 11.3% | 2.6% |
| Romania_Brailita_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Romania_C_Bodrogkeresztur | 0.561 | 91.6% | 8.4% | 2.4% |
| Romania_Brailita_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Romania_N | 0.524 | 92.4% | 7.6% | 2.1% |
| Romania_Brailita_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Trypillia | 0.601 | 90.1% | 9.9% | 2.8% |
| Romania_Brailita_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Usatove | 0.509 | 81.0% | 19.0% | 5.6% |
| Romania_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Romania_N | 0.096 | 95.8% | 4.2% | 1.0% |
| Romania_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Usatove | 0.143 | 89.1% | 10.9% | 2.5% |
| Serbia_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Romania_C_Bodrogkeresztur | 0.196 | 87.3% | 12.7% | 2.0% |
| Serbia_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Romania_N | 0.097 | 88.6% | 11.4% | 1.9% |
| Serbia_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Trypillia | 0.200 | 85.1% | 14.9% | 2.3% |
| Ukraine_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Romania_C_Bodrogkeresztur | 0.561 | 93.3% | 6.7% | 1.3% |
| Ukraine_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Romania_N | 0.481 | 94.0% | 6.0% | 1.2% |
| Ukraine_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Trypillia | 0.756 | 92.0% | 8.0% | 1.5% |
| Ukraine_EBA_Yamnaya | CoreYamnaya | Usatove | 0.534 | 84.5% | 15.5% | 3.1% |