Table 3.

Hazard ratios divided by age at diagnosis and sex for having a hospital contact for anxiety, depression, or ADHD or having a dispensed prescription for antidepressants or methylphenidate after IBD diagnosis/index date in patients with IBD and matched reference individuals

Age group/sex	IBD (n = 3,359)		References (n = 1,795)		HR (95% CI)	P value
	Cases	IR/1,000 PY	Cases	IR/1,000 PY
Depression
<14 yr	63	3.59	247	2.79	1.3 (1.0–1.7)	0.04
15–17 yr	65	6.66	169	3.40	2.0 (1.5–2.6)
Female	101	6.26	357	4.37	1.4 (1.2–1.8)	0.48
Male	54	3.30	167	2.01	1.6 (1.2–2.2)
Anxiety
<14 yr	34	1.91	132	1.48	1.3 (0.9–1.9)	0.26
15–17 yr	21	2.10	115	2.29	0.9 (0.6–1.5)
Female	41	2.48	198	2.39	1.0 (0.7–1.5)	0.34
Male	27	1.63	101	1.21	1.3 (0.9–2.1)
ADHD
<14 yr	21	1.18	170	1.91	0.6 (0.4–1.0)	0.09
15–17 yr	16	1.60	70	1.39	1.1 (0.7–2.0)
Female	19	1.14	121	1.46	0.8 (0.5–1.3)	0.94
Male	24	1.45	158	1.90	0.8 (0.5–1.2)
Antidepressants
<14 yr	209	12.58	688	8.03	1.6 (1.4–1.9)	0.54
15–17 yr	167	18.61	595	12.74	1.5 (1.2–1.8)
Female	279	18.93	1,046	13.66	1.4 (1.2–1.6)	0.02
Male	197	12.66	572	7.10	1.8 (1.5–2.1)
Methylphenidate
<14 yr	35	1.98	238	2.69	0.7 (0.5–1.0)	0.92
15–17 yr	18	1.80	119	2.37	0.8 (0.5–1.2)
Female	24	1.44	159	1.92	0.8 (0.5–1.2)	1.00
Male	38	2.31	253	3.06	0.8 (0.5–1.1)

The P value represents the test for including the interaction term in the Cox regression model.

ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; IR, incidence rate; PY, person-years.