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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Apr 24.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Top Dev Biol. 2023 Mar 17;153:195–227. doi: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2023.01.009

Figure 1. Overview of canonical WNT-β-catenin and non-canonical WNT5A-ROR signaling.

Figure 1.

WNT signaling was initially classified into two major branches based on the distinct phenotypes induced by overexpression of different WNT ligands in Xenopus laevis. (A) The axis duplication phenotype induced by overexpression of canonical WNTs. Image from (Cui et al., 1995) in which Xenopus WNT8B was overexpressed. (B) The gross tissue truncation/malformation phenotype induced by overexpression of noncanonical WNTs. Image from (Moon et al., 1993) in which Xenopus WNT5A was overexpressed. (C and D) Molecular schematics of the canonical WNT-β-catenin (C) and non-canonical WNT5A-ROR (D) signaling cascades. See main text for details. Created using www.BioRender.com