Table 2.
Volatile metabolic profiles of Klebsiella pneumoniae (standard strains) in the matrix components of BC bottles (at T2 time point)
| Class | VOCs | CAS# | Blank control (n = 6) | ATCC BAA-1706 (n = 6) | ATCC BAA-1705 (n = 6) | ATCC BAA-2146 (n = 6) | ATCC BAA-2524 (n = 6) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relative volume | Relative volume | Variation | Relative volume | Variation | Relative volume | Variation | Relative volume | Variation | |||
| Unidentified | Unidentified-19 | * | 259.36 ± 27.03 | 243.31 ± 34.41 | − | 221.85 ± 41.66 | – | 201.35 ± 26.31 | Taken up | 172.26 ± 13.53 | Taken up |
| Unidentified-20 | * | 80.46 ± 13.71 | 77.51 ± 14.68 | – | 70.26 ± 9.21 | – | 53.26 ± 17.94 | Taken up | 56.99 ± 21.07 | Taken up | |
| Unidentified-30 | * | 3719 ± 125.19 | 3621.35 ± 198.77 | – | 3096.39 ± 159.97 | Taken up | 2944.65 ± 154.04 | Taken up | 2751.87 ± 155.1 | Taken up | |
| Unidentified-3 | * | 24.58 ± 6.89 | 31.23 ± 5.5 | – | 95.15 ± 11.95 | Released | 98.25 ± 34.74 | Released | 132.08 ± 38.88 | Released | |
| Unidentified-21 | * | 59.13 ± 9.87 | 60.45 ± 9.86 | – | 110.81 ± 39.38 | Released | 94.55 ± 23.69 | Released | 106.63 ± 18.48 | Released | |
| Unidentified-28 | * | 1621.2 ± 80.95 | 1855.21 ± 84.58 | – | 2337.44 ± 187.02 | Released | 2180.71 ± 278.99 | Released | 2216.02 ± 230.88 | Released | |
| Alcohol | Butan-1-ol | C71363 | 73.24 ± 16.55 | 86.74 ± 27.29 | – | 138.6 ± 38.88 | Released | 111.8 ± 27.77 | Released | 133.57 ± 13.26 | Released |
| Acids | 3-Methylbutanoic acid-M | C503742 | 1098.73 ± 238.8 | 1810.91 ± 154.94 | Released | 1742.93 ± 124.07 | Released | 1814.19 ± 261.77 | Released | 1756.62 ± 249.92 | Released |
| 3-Methylbutanoic acid-D | C503742 | 101.36 ± 29.41 | 307.2 ± 47.79 | Released | 296.94 ± 41.48 | Released | 349.19 ± 64.56 | Released | 353.99 ± 46.52 | Released | |
| 2-Methylpropanoic acid-M | C79312 | 568.33 ± 106.22 | 912.56 ± 120.34 | Released | 868 ± 80.78 | Released | 936.64 ± 75.1 | Released | 931.79 ± 65.31 | Released | |
| 2-Methylpropanoic acid-D | C79312 | 34.52 ± 9.81 | 108.93 ± 22.23 | Released | 94.98 ± 16.88 | Released | 121.88 ± 22.14 | Released | 118.1 ± 12.23 | Released | |
| Propionic acid-M | C79094 | 323.07 ± 79.68 | 467.81 ± 70.81 | Released | 434.6 ± 49.44 | Released | 504.7 ± 57.62 | Released | 416.13 ± 57.95 | Released | |
| Propionic acid-D | C79094 | 153.2 ± 62.49 | 335.66 ± 170.78 | Released | 327.15 ± 64.73 | Released | 358.99 ± 96.18 | Released | 308.82 ± 73.07 | Released | |
| Acetic acid | C64197 | 1895.29 ± 460.5 | 3853.23 ± 372.54 | Released | 3951.13 ± 314.38 | Released | 4191.02 ± 578.87 | Released | 4788.16 ± 376.58 | Released | |
| Alcohols | 1,2-Ethanediol | C107211 | 433.73 ± 80.85 | 673.84 ± 106.2 | Released | 633.41 ± 65.03 | Released | 651.28 ± 70.04 | Released | 579.91 ± 68.98 | Released |
| 3-Methyl-1-butanol | C123513 | 365.1 ± 28.6 | 1535.16 ± 56.1 | Released | 1547.09 ± 103.04 | Released | 1602.3 ± 135.29 | Released | 1578.97 ± 59.39 | Released | |
| Pyrazine | 2-Methylpyrazine-M | C123320 | 417.89 ± 46.44 | 512.32 ± 37.54 | Released | 564.31 ± 70.81 | Released | 590.59 ± 47.41 | Released | 554.8 ± 78.91 | Released |
| Ketones | Isovalerone | C108838 | 35.98 ± 9.34 | 187.19 ± 22.71 | Released | 208.29 ± 31.43 | Released | 191.7 ± 32.02 | Released | 210.91 ± 33.45 | Released |
| Butane-2,3-dione (diacetyl) | C431038 | 2731.93 ± 61.59 | 3574.11 ± 180.22 | Released | 4318.89 ± 97.6 | Released | 4340.92 ± 166.94 | Released | 4416.61 ± 107.41 | Released | |
| 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone (acetoin) | C513860 | 117.27 ± 9.05 | 515.91 ± 152.06 | Released | 1190.89 ± 359.11 | Released | 1071 ± 465.59 | Released | 1373.15 ± 126.62 | Released | |
| Unidentified | Unidentified-2 | * | 361.62 ± 69.1 | 491.72 ± 102.36 | Released | 580.59 ± 59.46 | Released | 620.14 ± 99.15 | Released | 704.14 ± 88.99 | Released |
| Unidentified-4 | * | 3066.57 ± 358.67 | 4289.56 ± 297.7 | Released | 4142.61 ± 155.48 | Released | 4415.25 ± 173.28 | Released | 4787.3 ± 347.86 | Released | |
| Unidentified-6 | * | 88.41 ± 14.03 | 140.42 ± 34.89 | Released | 267.38 ± 78.32 | Released | 259.91 ± 67.49 | Released | 301.01 ± 69.92 | Released | |
| Unidentified-7 | * | 125.84 ± 13.48 | 374.06 ± 37.01 | Released | 431.21 ± 119.88 | Released | 427.64 ± 158.59 | Released | 398.99 ± 146.19 | Released | |
| Unidentified-9 | * | 32.41 ± 4.15 | 141.95 ± 19.29 | Released | 142.74 ± 17.86 | Released | 154.49 ± 21.9 | Released | 169.15 ± 23.28 | Released | |
| Unidentified-10 | * | 79.01 ± 17.28 | 104.81 ± 18.32 | Released | 110.23 ± 21.57 | Released | 109.93 ± 11.7 | Released | 113.83 ± 18.69 | Released | |
| Unidentified-11 | * | 100.71 ± 16.36 | 134.81 ± 12.06 | Released | 154.04 ± 8.43 | Released | 159 ± 12.68 | Released | 166.61 ± 15.56 | Released | |
| Unidentified-12 | * | 21.19 ± 5.45 | 44.93 ± 12.68 | Released | 98.59 ± 14.26 | Released | 110.49 ± 39.04 | Released | 124.2 ± 30.01 | Released | |
| Unidentified-13 | * | 44.24 ± 7.5 | 60.28 ± 14.7 | Released | 115.26 ± 10.05 | Released | 114.78 ± 12.28 | Released | 103.3 ± 20.5 | Released | |
| Unidentified-14 | * | 166.02 ± 19.43 | 201.93 ± 18.3 | Released | 298.01 ± 23.2 | Released | 307.66 ± 18.58 | Released | 320.56 ± 13.62 | Released | |
| Unidentified-18 | * | 48.85 ± 9.46 | 77.54 ± 11.72 | Released | 114.47 ± 13.42 | Released | 105.71 ± 18.6 | Released | 109.41 ± 19.06 | Released | |
| Unidentified-23 | * | 77.24 ± 16.5 | 132.65 ± 30.64 | Released | 112.99 ± 10.54 | Released | 136.41 ± 39.4 | Released | 131.93 ± 47.65 | Released | |
| Unidentified-26 | * | 892.84 ± 24.01 | 1164.59 ± 79.53 | Released | 1126.08 ± 85.41 | Released | 1145.93 ± 68.69 | Released | 1129.47 ± 86.7 | Released | |
| Ketone | Butan-2-one | C78933 | 3747.72 ± 80.94 | 3000.6 ± 363.77 | Taken up | 1662.6 ± 64.71 | Taken up | 1708.1 ± 261.89 | Taken up | 1497.46 ± 65.5 | Taken up |
| Benzene derivatives | Benzaldehyde-M | C100527 | 2056.24 ± 157.16 | 1025.85 ± 140.35 | Taken up | 1257.39 ± 102.26 | Taken up | 1216.34 ± 231.92 | Taken up | 1445.36 ± 262.24 | Taken up |
| Benzaldehyde-D | C100527 | 3621.7 ± 205.4 | 268.03 ± 40.72 | Taken up | 463.75 ± 82.89 | Taken up | 230.02 ± 18.91 | Taken up | 253.73 ± 29.47 | Taken up | |
| Pyrazine | 2-Methylpyrazine-D | C123320 | 165.83 ± 20.54 | 109.9 ± 19.98 | Taken up | 115.93 ± 11.25 | Taken up | 129.81 ± 32.98 | Taken up | 114.86 ± 33.52 | Taken up |
| Unidentified | Unidentified-8 | * | 339.64 ± 34.05 | 203.53 ± 38.65 | Taken up | 178.48 ± 23.2 | Taken up | 176.38 ± 22.47 | Taken up | 156.91 ± 13.24 | Taken up |
| Unidentified-15 | * | 68.64 ± 13.42 | 49.61 ± 10.27 | Taken up | 43.01 ± 7.7 | Taken up | 45.47 ± 9.13 | Taken up | 44.52 ± 11.9 | Taken up | |
| Unidentified-24 | * | 468.99 ± 48.44 | 238.66 ± 42.14 | Taken up | 238.43 ± 35.16 | Taken up | 256.3 ± 56.44 | Taken up | 230.74 ± 48.84 | Taken up | |
“–” Represents no statistically significant variance when compared to the blank control group in terms of absorption or release by Klebsiella pneumoniae based on our established criteria. “*” Represents the CAS# of VOC is unknown
VOCs volatile organic compounds, CAS# Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number, M monomer, D dimer