Table 2.

Hazard ratios for primary and secondary outcomes comparing GLP-1 receptor agonist-SGLT-2 inhibitor combination with GLP-1 receptor agonist use alone

Exposure	No of patients	Events	Person years	Incidence rate (95% CI)*	Hazard ratio (95% CI)†
Primary outcomes
MACE:
GLP-1 RAs	6696	113	10 971	10.3 (8.5 to 12.4)	1.00 (reference)
GLP-1 RA-SGLT-2 inhibitor combination	6696	45	6417	7.0 (5.1 to 9.4)	0.70 (0.49 to 0.99)
Serious renal events:
GLP-1 RAs	6696	51	10 992	4.6 (3.5 to 6.1)	1.00 (reference)
GLP-1 RA-SGLT-2 inhibitor combination	6696	13	6453	2.0 (1.1 to 3.4)	0.43 (0.23 to 0.80)
Secondary outcomes
Myocardial infarction:
GLP-1 RAs	6696	60	10 971	5.5 (4.2 to 7.0)	1.00 (reference)
GLP-1 RA-SGLT-2 inhibitor combination	6696	24	6417	3.7 (2.4 to 5.6)	0.73 (0.45 to 1.17)
Ischaemic stroke:
GLP-1 RAs	6696	30	10 971	2.7 (1.8 to 3.9)	1.00 (reference)
GLP-1 RA-SGLT-2 inhibitor combination	6696	15	6417	2.3 (1.3 to 3.9)	0.90 (0.48 to 1.67)
Cardiovascular mortality:
GLP-1 RAs	6696	32	10 971	2.9 (2.0 to 4.1)	1.00 (reference)
GLP-1 RA-SGLT-2 inhibitor combination	6696	7	6417	1.1 (0.4 to 2.3)	0.35 (0.15 to 0.80)
Heart failure:
GLP-1 RAs	6696	67	10 979	6.1 (4.7 to 7.8)	1.00 (reference)
GLP-1 RA-SGLT-2 inhibitor combination	6696	23	6446	3.6 (2.3 to 5.4)	0.57 (0.35 to 0.91)
All cause mortality:
GLP-1 RAs	6696	102	11 056	9.2 (7.5 to 11.2)	1.00 (reference)
GLP-1 RA-SGLT-2 inhibitor combination	6696	41	6459	6.4 (4.6 to 8.6)	0.71 (0.49 to 1.02)

CI=confidence interval; GLP-1=glucagon-like peptide 1; MACE=major adverse cardiovascular events; RA=receptor agonist; SGLT-2=sodium-glucose cotransporter-2.

^*Per 1000 person years.

^†Patients were matched on duration of GLP-1 RA use, GLP-1 RA drug type, and propensity score.