Table 4.

Factors contributing to the change in educational disparities in ANC4+, 2011–2016 EDHS.

Variables	Urban				Rural
	Change in CI	Change in elasticity	Total change	%	Change in CI	Change in elasticity	Total change	%
Age at pregnancy
Not adolescent (ref)
Adolescent	0.001	0.001	0.002	−1.18	−0.026	0.049	0.023	57.50
Region
Tigray (ref)
Afar	0.003	−0.001	0.003	−1.76	−0.002	0.002	0	0.00
Amhara	−0.046	−0.061	−0.107	62.94	−0.071	−0.08	−0.15	−375.00
Oromia	−0.01	−0.006	−0.016	9.41	0.246	−0.129	0.117	292.50
Somali	0.004	−0.041	−0.037	21.76	−0.016	0.056	0.039	97.50
Benisahangul Gumuz	−0.001	−0.003	−0.003	1.76	−0.003	0.001	−0.002	−5.00
SNNP	0.051	−0.014	0.037	−21.76	−0.033	−0.016	−0.049	−122.50
Gambela	−0.001	0	−0.001	0.59	0	−0.006	−0.006	−15.00
Harar	0.003	−0.003	0.001	−0.59	0	0	0	0.00
Addis Ababa	−0.002	−0.068	−0.07	41.18
Dire Dawa	0.003	0	0.003	−1.76	0	−0.001	0	0.00
Partner's education
No education (ref)
Primary	−0.078	0.019	−0.059	34.71	−0.01	−0.02	−0.03	−75.00
Secondary	−0.01	−0.001	−0.011	6.47	0.001	−0.001	0	0.00
Higher	−0.063	−0.055	−0.118	69.41	−0.005	−0.013	−0.018	−45.00
Religion
Orthodox (ref)
Protestant	0.006	0.028	0.034	−20.00	−0.009	−0.04	−0.05	−125.00
Muslim	0.002	−0.014	−0.012	7.06	−0.004	−0.014	−0.018	−45.00
Other	−0.005	−0.003	−0.008	4.71	0.01	0.006	0.016	40.00
Media exposure
Not exposed (ref)
Exposed	0.002	−0.001	0	0.00	0.005	−0.081	−0.076	−190.00
Women's education
No education (ref)
Primary	0.003	0.096	0.099	−58.24	−0.039	−0.308	−0.347	−867.50
Secondary/higher	−0.021	−0.474	−0.495	291.18	−0.013	−0.012	−0.025	−62.50
Women's occupation
Has no occupation (ref)
Has occupation	0	0.001	0.001	−0.59	0	−0.027	−0.027	−67.50
Partner's occupation
Has no occupation (ref)
Has occupation	0	0.031	0.031	−18.24	0.006	−0.001	0.005	12.50
Attitude toward violence
Low (ref)
Medium	0.025	−0.005	0.02	−11.76	0.003	−0.019	−0.016	−40.00
High	−0.028	0.015	−0.014	8.24	0.002	−0.071	−0.068	−170.00
Social independence
Low (ref)
Medium	0.013	0.003	0.015	−8.82	−0.002	0.004	0.002	5.00
High	−0.014	0.063	0.049	−28.82	0.001	0.064	0.065	162.50
Decision-making
Low (ref)
Medium	0.006	−0.039	−0.032	18.82	−0.005	−0.004	−0.009	−22.50
High	−0.034	0.057	0.023	−13.53	−0.004	−0.045	−0.049	−122.50
Birth order
1 (ref)
2-3	0	−0.012	−0.012	7.06	−0.003	0.018	0.015	37.50
4-5	−0.008	−0.026	−0.034	20.00	0.018	0.005	0.024	60.00
6+	−0.009	−0.058	−0.067	39.41	0.041	−0.071	−0.03	−75.00
Wealth (2 categories)
Non-richest (ref)
Richest	−0.004	0.033	0.03	−17.65
Wealth quintile
Poorest (ref)
Poorer					−0.003	0.007	0.003	7.50
Middle					0.03	0.015	0.045	112.50
Richer					−0.008	−0.092	−0.1	−250.00
Richest					−0.045	−0.152	−0.198	−495.00
ECI2016-ECI2011			−0.17				0.04

ECI2016-ECI2011 refers to the difference between the ECI of 2016 and 2011. ECI refers to the Erreygers concentration index.