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. 2024 Apr 12;14:1371934. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1371934

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Copyright © 2024 Le, Choi, Han, Kim, Trinh, Kim and Ryu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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APOL1 is highly expressed in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. (A–C) Heat map of hierarchical clustering (A), multidimensional scaling (B) and APOL1 mRNA expression (C) in RNA-seq of 9 patient ccRCC tumors compared to their adjacent normal tissues. (D) Kaplan-Meier survival analysis based on the APOL1 expression at stage 4 and grade 4 in the TCGA-KIRC dataset. (E, F) qRT-PCR analysis of APOL1 mRNA (E) and western blot analysis of APOL1 protein (F) in A-498, 786-O (primary cancer) and Caki-1 (metastatic) cells compared to HK-2 (normal) cells. Actin served as an internal control.