Table 1.

Summary of evidence for the panel of six genes/proteins representing robust markers of NRF2 signalling across species, based on mechanistic criteria.^aIncludes studies using Nrf2 knockout mice and cells in which NRF2 has been knocked down or deleted using siRNA, shRNA or CRISPR. ^bIncludes studies in which pharmacological agents or genetic knockdown/knockout of Keap1 has been shown to significantly increase the expression of the indicated marker, and reversed by simultaneous Nrf2 knockout, knockdown or deletion. This category also includes studies using mutated versions of NRF2 that lack the ability to be bound, and therefore repressed, by KEAP1. Blank cells indicate that no relevant studies were identified in the literature search. TXNRD1 has also been shown to be a direct target of NRF2 (ChIP) in bovine species [42]. This table represents a summary of the full literature research (conducted between June and September 2023) for the different criteria that can be found in Supplementary Table S1.

Marker	Direct NRF2 target (ChIP)			Down-regulated upon NRF2 inhibitiona			Up-regulated upon NRF2 activationb
	Human	Mouse	Rat	Human	Mouse	Rat	Human	Mouse	Rat
GCLC	+	+	+		+		+	+	+
GCLM	+				+		+	+	+
HMOX1	+	+	+	+	+			+	+
NQO1	+	+	+	+	+		+	+	+
SRXN1	+	+		+	+		+	+	+
TXNRD1	+	+		+	+		+	+	+