TABLE 2.
Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis of the main study variables.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | |
| 1. Children’s age | – | ||||||||||||||
| 2. Challenging parenting behavior | −0.14*** | – | |||||||||||||
| 3. Teasing | −0.09*** | 0.74*** | – | ||||||||||||
| 4. Rough-and-tumble play | −0.13*** | 0.80*** | 0.66*** | – | |||||||||||
| 5. Encouragement of risk taking | −0.12*** | 0.80*** | 0.46*** | 0.55*** | – | ||||||||||
| 6. Social daring | −0.14*** | 0.81*** | 0.45*** | 0.52*** | 0.69*** | – | |||||||||
| 7. Competition | −0.08*** | 0.81*** | 0.45*** | 0.49*** | 0.57*** | 0.64*** | – | ||||||||
| 8. Modeling | −0.08*** | 0.83*** | 0.49*** | 0.52*** | 0.57*** | 0.66*** | 0.75*** | – | |||||||
| 9. Positive emotion | −0.11*** | 0.30*** | 0.16*** | 0.19*** | 0.29*** | 0.31*** | 0.25*** | 0.24*** | – | ||||||
| 10. Creative self-efficacy | −0.04* | 0.32*** | 0.16*** | 0.20*** | 0.29*** | 0.32*** | 0.28*** | 0.28*** | 0.64*** | – | |||||
| 11. Creative tendencies | −0.11*** | 0.43*** | 0.31*** | 0.30*** | 0.35*** | 0.36*** | 0.36*** | 0.38*** | 0.48*** | 0.56*** | – | ||||
| 12. Adventurousness | −0.09*** | 0.40*** | 0.30*** | 0.30*** | 0.30*** | 0.32*** | 0.33*** | 0.35*** | 0.40*** | 0.48*** | 0.90*** | – | |||
| 13. Curiosity | −0.08*** | 0.39*** | 0.26*** | 0.27*** | 0.33*** | 0.34*** | 0.33*** | 0.34*** | 0.48*** | 0.57*** | 0.93*** | 0.77*** | – | ||
| 14. Imagination | −0.11*** | 0.39*** | 0.27*** | 0.28*** | 0.32*** | 0.33*** | 0.33*** | 0.36*** | 0.46*** | 0.53*** | 0.93*** | 0.78*** | 0.82*** | – | |
| 15. Challenging | −0.11*** | 0.37*** | 0.29*** | 0.26*** | 0.31*** | 0.30*** | 0.31*** | 0.33*** | 0.40*** | 0.47*** | 0.88*** | 0.72*** | 0.76*** | 0.77*** | – |
| M | 12.58 | 3.47 | 3.06 | 3.33 | 3.92 | 3.69 | 3.62 | 3.21 | 3.64 | 3.72 | 2.22 | 2.13 | 2.30 | 2.21 | 2.25 |
| SD | 1.67 | 0.62 | 0.78 | 0.88 | 0.78 | 0.65 | 0.76 | 0.81 | 0.68 | 0.75 | 0.31 | 0.35 | 0.37 | 0.35 | 0.30 |
All tests are two-tailed. *p < 0.05,
***p < 0.001.