Table 4.
Subgroup analysis between hypertension and total flavan 3-ols.
| Variables | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95%CI) | p Value |
OR (95%CI) | p Value |
OR (95%CI) | p Value |
p for trend | p for interaction | ||
| Age | 0.31 | ||||||||
| 20-39 | ref | 0.66(0.41,1.07) | 0.09 | 0.53(0.35,0.79) | 0.002 | 0.52(0.34,0.78) | 0.003 | 0.03 | |
| 40-59 | ref | 0.94(0.64,1.40) | 0.77 | 0.80(0.61,1.04) | 0.09 | 0.92(0.70,1.21) | 0.56 | 0.91 | |
| ≥60 | ref | 1.04(0.65,1.66) | 0.87 | 0.73(0.50,1.08) | 0.11 | 0.70(0.42,1.16) | 0.16 | 0.14 | |
| Race | 0.98 | ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | ref | 1.04(0.77,1.40) | 0.80 | 0.96(0.72,1.27) | 0.76 | 0.98(0.80,1.20) | 0.83 | 0.77 | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | ref | 1.04(0.72,1.52) | 0.82 | 1.10(0.81,1.50) | 0.52 | 0.98(0.72,1.33) | 0.89 | 0.71 | |
| Mexican American | ref | 1.05(0.62,1.79) | 0.85 | 0.90(0.47,1.71) | 0.74 | 1.11(0.68,1.80) | 0.67 | 0.57 | |
| Others | ref | 0.97(0.57,1.66) | 0.91 | 0.99(0.62,1.58) | 0.96 | 0.78(0.50,1.22) | 0.28 | 0.2 | |
| Sex | 0.03 | ||||||||
| Female | ref | 0.94(0.66,1.33) | 0.71 | 1.19(0.87,1.64) | 0.28 | 1.17(0.87,1.58) | 0.29 | 0.18 | |
| Male | ref | 1.08(0.82,1.43) | 0.56 | 0.83(0.65,1.03) | 0.13 | 0.83(0.65,1.07) | 0.15 | 0.17 | |
| Education | 0.88 | ||||||||
| Less than 9th grade | ref | 1.10(0.63,1.92) | 0.73 | 1.34(0.69,2.60) | 0.37 | 1.48(0.72,3.05) | 0.28 | 0.33 | |
| 9-11th grade (includes 12th grade with no diploma) | ref | 1.17(0.72,1.90) | 0.51 | 0.91(0.58,1.43) | 0.67 | 1.17(0.71,1.94) | 0.53 | 0.57 | |
| High School graduate/GED or equivalent | ref | 1.04(0.67,1.62) | 0.86 | 1.11(0.74,1.66) | 0.61 | 1.22(0.85,1.74) | 0.27 | 0.31 | |
| Some college or AA degree | ref | 0.98(0.71,1.36) | 0.92 | 1.06(0.73,1.54) | 0.76 | 0.98(0.72,1.34) | 0.91 | 0.8 | |
| College graduate or above | ref | 1.20(0.75,1.91) | 0.43 | 1.00(0.66,1.52) | 0.99 | 0.94(0.63,1.40) | 0.75 | 0.25 | |
| BMI | 0.7 | ||||||||
| <25 | ref | 0.94(0.59,1.49) | 0.77 | 0.96(0.63,1.46) | 0.84 | 0.92(0.64,1.34) | 0.67 | 0.8 | |
| 25-30 | ref | 1.36(0.94,1.98) | 0.10 | 1.28(0.99,1.67) | 0.06 | 1.13(0.77,1.67) | 0.53 | 0.59 | |
| >30 | ref | 1.06(0.76,1.48) | 0.73 | 0.96(0.69,1.33) | 0.80 | 1.12(0.84,1.51) | 0.42 | 0.35 | |
| Smoking status | 0.32 | ||||||||
| Never | ref | 0.94(0.69,1.28) | 0.69 | 1.06(0.78,1.43) | 0.70 | 1.07(0.84,1.35) | 0.58 | 0.44 | |
| Former | ref | 1.20(0.79,1.83) | 0.37 | 0.83(0.54,1.26) | 0.37 | 0.84(0.57,1.23) | 0.36 | 0.13 | |
| Now | ref | 0.99(0.60,1.66) | 0.98 | 0.83(0.51,1.34) | 0.43 | 0.88(0.57,1.38) | 0.58 | 0.64 | |
| Alcohol drinking | 0.45 | ||||||||
| Former | ref | 0.95(0.59,1.52) | 0.81 | 1.18(0.64,2.17) | 0.59 | 1.17(0.67,2.02) | 0.57 | 0.55 | |
| Heavy | ref | 1.06(0.66,1.68) | 0.82 | 0.97(0.64,1.49) | 0.90 | 0.67(0.46,0.97) | 0.04 | 0.05 | |
| Moderate | ref | 0.78(0.47,1.29) | 0.32 | 0.66(0.40,1.11) | 0.11 | 0.88(0.50,1.54) | 0.64 | 0.81 | |
| Mild | ref | 1.14(0.81,1.61) | 0.45 | 0.99(0.75,1.30) | 0.95 | 0.93(0.68,1.28) | 0.67 | 0.41 | |
| Never | ref | 1.08(0.57,2.07) | 0.81 | 1.16(0.74,1.82) | 0.51 | 1.51(0.89,2.56) | 0.12 | 0.14 | |
| PIR | 0.8 | ||||||||
| <1.5 | ref | 0.96(0.68,1.34) | 0.80 | 1.08(0.77,1.53) | 0.65 | 0.91(0.65,1.26) | 0.56 | 0.51 | |
| 1.5-3.5 | ref | 1.04(0.75,1.44) | 0.81 | 0.87(0.66,1.16) | 0.34 | 0.87(0.61,1.23) | 0.42 | 0.45 | |
| >3.5 | ref | 1.07(0.75,1.52) | 0.71 | 1.01(0.73,1.38) | 0.97 | 1.09(0.83,1.44) | 0.52 | 0.53 | |
| Daily energy intake | 0.06 | ||||||||
| <1955 | ref | 0.92(0.70,1.19) | 0.51 | 1.09(0.84,1.43) | 0.50 | 1.12(0.89,1.40) | 0.33 | 0.18 | |
| ≥1955 | ref | 1.15(0.86,1.55) | 0.33 | 0.91(0.70,1.17) | 0.44 | 0.89(0.69,1.16) | 0.40 | 0.24 | |
| Total MET of PA | 0.62 | ||||||||
| <2400 | ref | 0.95(0.70,1.30) | 0.76 | 1.03(0.75,1.43) | 0.84 | 0.95(0.73,1.23) | 0.69 | 0.6 | |
| ≥2400 | ref | 1.10(0.76,1.60) | 0.60 | 0.89(0.67,1.19) | 0.42 | 0.97(0.75,1.27) | 0.84 | 0.76 | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 0.06 | ||||||||
| No | ref | 0.83(0.51,1.35) | 0.44 | 0.75(0.53,1.05) | 0.09 | 0.57(0.39,0.84) | 0.01 | 0.02 | |
| Yes | ref | 1.11(0.85,1.43) | 0.44 | 1.07(0.84,1.38) | 0.58 | 1.13(0.93,1.37) | 0.22 | 0.31 | |
| Heart attack | 0.24 | ||||||||
| No | ref | 1.04(0.82,1.31) | 0.74 | 0.99(0.81,1.22) | 0.94 | 0.96(0.81,1.13) | 0.62 | 0.38 | |
| Yes | ref | 1.16(0.45,2.98) | 0.75 | 0.63(0.20,1.99) | 0.42 | 1.88(0.64,5.57) | 0.24 | 0.15 | |
| Stroke | 0.36 | ||||||||
| No | ref | 1.02(0.80,1.30) | 0.88 | 0.95(0.78,1.17) | 0.65 | 0.98(0.83,1.16) | 0.83 | 0.86 | |
| Yes | ref | 2.10(0.38,11.56) | 0.38 | 2.67(0.72, 9.95) | 0.14 | 1.07(0.33, 3.48) | 0.91 | 0.4 | |
| Congestive heart failure | 0.07 | ||||||||
| No | ref | 1.04(0.82,1.31) | 0.74 | 1.00(0.82,1.22) | 0.99 | 1.00(0.84,1.18) | 0.97 | 0.79 | |
| Yes | ref | 4.57(0.48,43.18) | 0.18 | 0.42(0.12, 1.40) | 0.15 | 0.56(0.15, 2.03) | 0.36 | 0.29 | |
| Coronary heart disease | 0.29 | ||||||||
| No | ref | 1.02(0.80,1.30) | 0.85 | 0.96(0.79,1.18) | 0.71 | 0.94(0.79,1.12) | 0.48 | 0.35 | |
| Yes | ref | 0.87(0.32,2.38) | 0.78 | 1.08(0.39,3.03) | 0.88 | 2.12(0.82,5.54) | 0.12 | 0.11 | |
| Diabetes | 0.97 | ||||||||
| No | ref | 1.05(0.78,1.41) | 0.75 | 0.97(0.78,1.22) | 0.82 | 0.96(0.77,1.19) | 0.68 | 0.51 | |
| DM | ref | 1.15(0.81,1.64) | 0.43 | 1.02(0.54,1.92) | 0.96 | 1.16(0.76,1.76) | 0.49 | 0.62 | |
| IFG | ref | 1.07(0.42,2.70) | 0.89 | 0.84(0.45,1.54) | 0.56 | 0.85(0.37,1.97) | 0.70 | 0.68 | |
| IGT | ref | 1.19(0.35,3.99) | 0.77 | 1.63(0.56,4.70) | 0.35 | 1.76(0.58,5.28) | 0.30 | 0.43 |
The subgroup analyses were adjusted for all covariates except the stratification variable itself.