Table 1.
Selected characteristics of children vaccinated with BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine and matched unvaccinated children
| Characteristic | Optum | CVS Health | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vaccinated with BNT162b2 N = 92,338 |
Matcheda Unvaccinated N = 92,338 |
ASD | Vaccinated with BNT162b2 N = 361,317 |
Matcheda Unvaccinated N = 361,317 |
ASD | |
| Characteristics at Time 0 | ||||||
| Age, years | ||||||
| Median (Q1, Q3) | 13 (9, 15) | 13 (9, 15) | 12 (9, 15) | 12 (9, 15) | 0.00 | |
| Mean (SD) | 12.11 (3.60) | 12.08 (3.64) | 0.01 | 11.76 (3.66) | 11.71 (3.72) | 0.01 |
| Sex, N (%) | ||||||
| Male | 46,516 (50.38%) | 46,516 (50.38%) | 0.00 | 181,416 (50.21%) | 181,416 (50.21%) | 0.00 |
| Female | 45,822 (49.62%) | 45,822 (49.62%) | 0.00 | 179,901 (49.79%) | 179,901 (49.79%) | 0.00 |
| Region, N (%)b | ||||||
| Northeast | 13,051 (14.13%) | 13,051 (14.13%) | 0.00 | 64,684 (17.90%) | 64,684 (17.90%) | 0.00 |
| South | 12,959 (14.03%) | 12,959 (14.03%) | 0.00 | 69,202 (19.15%) | 69,202 (19.15%) | 0.00 |
| Midwest | 43,572 (47.19%) | 43,572 (47.19%) | 0.00 | 75,498 (20.90%) | 75,498 (20.90%) | 0.00 |
| West | 22,756 (24.64%) | 22,756 (24.64%) | 0.00 | 151,933 (42.05%) | 151,933 (42.05%) | 0.00 |
| Characteristics in the 365 days before Time 0, N (%) | ||||||
| Influenza vaccination | 47,759 (51.72%) | 47,759 (51.72%) | 0.00 | 187,076 (51.78%) | 187,076 (51.78%) | 0.00 |
| Pneumococcal vaccination | 87 (0.09%) | 77 (0.08%) | 0.00 | 360 (0.10%) | 368 (0.10%) | 0.00 |
| Well-check/well-child preventive healthcare visit | 63,290 (68.54%) | 62,515 (67.70%) | 0.02 | 253,176 (70.07%) | 246,607 (68.25%) | 0.04 |
| Characteristics assessed using all available data at or before Time 0, N (%) | ||||||
| Autoimmune disorders | 1,067 (1.16%) | 1,049 (1.14%) | 0.00 | 4,273 (1.18%) | 3,995 (1.11%) | 0.01 |
| Chronic lung diseases (e.g., asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary embolism) | 10,086 (10.92%) | 10,081 (10.92%) | 0.00 | 43,858 (12.14%) | 44,283 (12.26%) | 0.00 |
| Dementia or other neurological conditions | 3,110 (3.37%) | 3,331 (3.61%) | 0.01 | 12,075 (3.34%) | 12,542 (3.47%) | 0.01 |
| Diabetes mellitus, type 1 or 2 | 436 (0.47%) | 416 (0.45%) | 0.00 | 1,480 (0.41%) | 1,336 (0.37%) | 0.01 |
| Heart conditions (e.g., heart failure, coronary artery disease, arrhythmias) | 3,037 (3.29%) | 3,135 (3.40%) | 0.01 | 12,537 (3.47%) | 13,118 (3.63%) | 0.01 |
| Immunocompromised state | 458 (0.50%) | 458 (0.50%) | 0.00 | 1,674 (0.46%) | 1,674 (0.46%) | 0.00 |
| Mental health conditions | 17,813 (19.29%) | 16,871 (18.27%) | 0.03 | 63,102 (17.46%) | 58,900 (16.30%) | 0.03 |
| Obese or severely obese | 7,750 (8.39%) | 8,138 (8.81%) | 0.01 | 35,224 (9.75%) | 37,775 (10.45%) | 0.02 |
| At least one COVID-19 laboratory performed | 36,002 (38.99%) | 32,568 (35.27%) | 0.08 | 174,485 (48.29%) | 157,714 (43.65%) | 0.09 |
| COVID-19 diagnoses occurring outside of a hospital or emergency department | 2,759 (2.99%) | 2,751 (2.98%) | 0.00 | 10,878 (3.01%) | 10,812 (2.99%) | 0.00 |
| Hospitalization or emergency department–diagnosed COVID-19 | 116 (0.13%) | 129 (0.14%) | 0.00 | 514 (0.14%) | 643 (0.18%) | 0.01 |
ASD = absolute standardized difference; COPD = Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019; Q1, Q3 = first and third quartiles; SD = standard deviation; US = United States
aMatched children on calendar date, age group, sex, US county of residence, immunocompromised status, pregnancy status, history of COVID-19 diagnosis, presence of a comorbidity identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as increasing individuals’ risk of severe COVID-19, influenza vaccination in previous year
bCounty and state of residence were used for matching and propensity score models, but US census region is displayed in descriptive tables for brevity