Figure 4.

Differentially expressed up- and downregulated genes based on heat map analysis. (A) The heatmap of gene expression; the red, white, and blue colors represent the upregulated, unchanged, and downregulated differentially expressed genes in the GA + H₂O₂ vs. H₂O₂ group. (B–D) RT-qPCR validation of differentially expressed genes. (B–D) Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons with Duncan’s multiple range test. Data are presented as mean ± SEM with three independent experiments. n = 3 means three independent experiments. The differences between two groups were considered significant at * p < 0.05. ns indicates no difference between two groups.