Table 2.
Predicted past-year prevalence of having experienced physical and emotional violence from others’ drinking in the general adult population in 2019.
| Country | Predicted prevalence of physical violence from others’ drinking (%) |
Predicted prevalence of emotional violence from others’ drinking (%, men and women combined) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | ||
| Central Europe, Eastern Europe, & Central Asia | |||
| Albania | 2·7 (1·2–4·1) | 1·6 (0·7–2·5) | 23·8 (16·8–30·7) |
| Armenia | 4·5 (0·0–9·3) | 2·7 (0·0–5·7) | 34·4 (13·7–55·2) |
| Azerbaijan | 1·1 (0·0–2·5) | 0·7 (0·0–1·5) | 17·8 (6·2–29·3) |
| Bulgaria | 5·0 (2·6–7·4) | 3·1 (1·5–4·6) | 26·8 (16·7–37·0) |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2·4 (1·0–3·7) | 1·4 (0·6–2·3) | 24·6 (16·0–33·1) |
| Belarus | 5·3 (3·9–6·6) | 3·2 (2·3–4·1) | 27·2 (18·8–35·5) |
| Czechia | 3·0 (1·8–4·3) | 1·8 (1·1–2·6) | 22·1 (16·7–27·5) |
| Estonia | 5·6 (4·1–7·2) | 3·4 (2·4–4·5) | 23·1 (16·3–29·9) |
| Georgia | 4·9 (3·8–6·0) | 3·0 (2·2–3·7) | 25·1 (20·3–30·0) |
| Croatia | 3·9 (1·6–6·2) | 2·4 (0·9–3·8) | 30·2 (20·1–40·3) |
| Hungary | 4·4 (3·2–5·5) | 2·7 (1·9–3·4) | 24·1 (18·8–29·4) |
| Kazakhstan | 2·8 (0·5–5·0) | 1·7 (0·3–3·0) | 23·7 (12·6–34·8) |
| Kyrgyz Republic | 1·8 (0·1–3·5) | 1·1 (0·1–2·1) | 20·7 (10·0–31·4) |
| Lithuania | 7·1 (5·5–8·6) | 4·3 (3·3–5·4) | 30·9 (25·2–36·5) |
| Latvia | 8·2 (6·1–10·4) | 5·1 (3·7–6·5) | 31·5 (25·9–37·1) |
| Moldova | 9·5 (6·7–12·2) | 5·9 (4·0–7·7) | 29·9 (21·0–38·7) |
| North Macedonia | 3·2 (1·7–4·8) | 2·0 (1·0–2·9) | 25·5 (18·8–32·1) |
| Montenegro | 3·1 (1·6–4·6) | 1·9 (1·0–2·8) | 27·7 (19·0–36·5) |
| Mongolia | 2·7 (1·4–3·9) | 1·6 (0·8–2·4) | 25·1 (15·8–34·4) |
| Poland | 4·9 (3·8–6·1) | 3·0 (2·2–3·8) | 25·1 (19·9–30·3) |
| Romania | 4·6 (3·5–5·7) | 2·8 (2·1–3·5) | 25·6 (19·9–31·4) |
| Russian Federation | 8·4 (5·9–10·9) | 5·2 (3·5–6·9) | 33·7 (24·9–42·6) |
| Serbia | 4·6 (3·3–5·9) | 2·8 (2·0–3·6) | 28·4 (22·7–34·1) |
| Slovakia | 4·1 (3·0–5·2) | 2·5 (1·8–3·2) | 22·5 (15·4–29·6) |
| Slovenia | 3·5 (2·2–4·8) | 2·1 (1·3–3·0) | 19·8 (13·0–26·6) |
| Tajikistan | 1·6 (0·2–3·0) | 1·0 (0·1–1·8) | 20·4 (10·7–30·1) |
| Turkmenistan | 1·9 (0·3–3·5) | 1·1 (0·2–2·1) | 22·4 (10·1–34·7) |
| Ukraine | 4 (1·9–6·1) | 2·4 (1·1–3·7) | 26·4 (17·2–35·7) |
| Uzbekistan | 1·3 (0·0–2·6) | 0·8 (0·0–1·6) | 28·2 (0·0–62·1) |
| Regional population-weighted average | 5·3 (4·3–6·3) | 3·3 (2·7–4·0) | 28·3 (23·9–32·4) |
| High income | |||
| Argentina | 5·3 (4·2–6·4) | 3·2 (2·5–4·0) | 16·1 (10·7–21·4) |
| Australia | 5·7 (4·8–6·7) | 3·5 (2·8–4·2) | 18·4 (15·8–20·9) |
| Austria | 5·1 (4·1–6·1) | 3·1 (2·4–3·8) | 19·3 (16·6–21·9) |
| Belgium | 5·1 (4·1–6·0) | 3·1 (2·4–3·7) | 19·9 (16·6–23·3) |
| Brunei Darussalam | 5·1 (1·5–8·7) | 3·1 (0·8–5·4) | . |
| Canada | 5·4 (4·5–6·3) | 3·3 (2·7–4·0) | 16·7 (14·3–19·2) |
| Chile | 5·5 (4·4–6·5) | 3·3 (2·6–4·1) | 15·4 (9·9–21·0) |
| Cyprus | 4·9 (4·1–5·8) | 3·0 (2·4–3·6) | 18·5 (16·0–20·9) |
| Denmark | 5·3 (4·4–6·2) | 3·2 (2·6–3·9) | 17·9 (14·9–20·9) |
| Finland | 4·9 (4·0–5·7) | 3·0 (2·4–3·6) | 18·4 (15·4–21·4) |
| France | 5·9 (4·7–7·0) | 3·6 (2·8–4·4) | 21·8 (18·7–25·0) |
| Germany | 4·7 (3·5–5·8) | 2·8 (2·0–3·6) | 18·3 (15·0–21·5) |
| Greece | 5·9 (4·9–6·9) | 3·6 (2·9–4·3) | 22·4 (15·2–29·7) |
| Iceland | 4·2 (3·0–5·5) | 2·6 (1·8–3·4) | 15·4 (11·2–19·7) |
| Ireland | 5·7 (3·8–7·7) | 3·5 (2·2–4·8) | 21·6 (18·3–25·0) |
| Israel | 6·3 (3·3–9·2) | 3·8 (2·0–5·7) | 12·6 (7·6–17·7) |
| Italy | 5·9 (4·4–7·5) | 3·6 (2·6–4·7) | 17·0 (13·4–20·7) |
| Japan | 5·4 (4·1–6·7) | 3·3 (2·4–4·2) | 14·3 (10·8–17·8) |
| Korea, Rep. | 4·7 (3·7–5·8) | 2·9 (2·2–3·6) | 15·0 (12·3–17·8) |
| Luxembourg | 4·7 (2·5–6·8) | 2·8 (1·5–4·2) | 17·6 (14·1–21·0) |
| Malta | 3·6 (2·1–5·2) | 2·2 (1·2–3·2) | 12·2 (8·1–16·4) |
| Netherlands | 5·6 (4·4–6·8) | 3·4 (2·6–4·2) | 16·8 (13·6–20·1) |
| New Zealand | 5·8 (4·9–6·7) | 3·6 (2·9–4·2) | 19·2 (16·4–22·0) |
| Norway | 5·0 (3·6–6·3) | 3·0 (2·1–3·9) | 15·1 (11·8–18·4) |
| Portugal | 6·8 (4·8–8·8) | 4·2 (2·9–5·5) | 24·0 (19·0–29·0) |
| Singapore | 4·3 (1·2–7·4) | 2·6 (0·7–4·5) | . |
| Spain | 5·5 (4·–6·3) | 3·3 (2·8–3·9) | 19·9 (14·7–25·2) |
| Sweden | 4·8 (3·8–5·7) | 2·9 (2·2–3·6) | 16·6 (13·9–19·3) |
| Switzerland | 5·1 (4·0–6·2) | 3·1 (2·3–3·8) | 17·3 (14·9–19·7) |
| United Kingdom | 5·5 (4·7–6·3) | 3·4 (2·7–4·0) | 18·1 (15·3–21·0) |
| Uruguay | 5·5 (4·5–6·6) | 3·4 (2·7–4·1) | 18·7 (14·5–23·0) |
| USA | 5·5 (4·4–6·7) | 3·4 (2·6–4·2) | 15·5 (11·0–19·9) |
| Regional population-weighted average | 5·4 (5·0–5·8) | 3·3 (3·0–3·6) | 16·8 (15·2–18·3) |
95% confidence intervals in brackets. USA: United States of America. Prevalence of emotional violence from others’ drinking was not predicted for Andorra, Brunei Darussalam, and Singapore as data on income inequality (Gini index as of 2019) was missing.