Figure 9.

Images showing (a) hydrophobicity and self-cleaning characteristics of the lotus leaf surface; (b) a schematic representation of droplet movement (red arrow) on an inclined nanostructured superhydrophobic surface, known as the lotus effect. As the droplet rolls off the surface, it collects contaminating particles, effectively cleaning it (left). In contrast, a smooth surface merely redistributes the particles with the moving droplet (right); and (c–e) SEM micrographs of lotus leaf surface at various magnifications. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [25].