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. 2024 Mar 29;13(4):228. doi: 10.3390/biology13040228

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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TASO content in plasma from TAA and EtOH-treated rats. (A) (Top panel) TAA was metabolized more slowly in aged males than in young or middle-aged rats. (B) (Top panel) A slow but sustained plasma level of TASO was observed when TAA-treated aged male rats were infused with EtOH, suggesting that the TAA-induced development of liver failure is more severe in the presence of EtOH. TASO content in plasma from TAA and EtOH-treated female rats. (A) (Bottom panel) TAA metabolism was similar in young or middle-aged, or aged female rats. However, a slow but sustained plasma level of TASO was observed when TAA-treated young and aged female rats were infused with EtOH (B) (Bottom panel), suggesting that, in the presence of EtOH, the drug-induced development of HE is more severe in young and aged females, as compared to middle-aged or mature adult rats. ANOVA, n = 5 for controls and TAA. * p < 0.05 vs. young, mature adult, and middle-aged rats in males ((A,B) top) and mature adult and middle-aged female rats ((A,B) bottom). Error bars represent the mean ± SEM. TAA, thioacetamide; EtOH, ethanol.