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. 2024 Mar 24;14(4):808–822. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe14040052

Table 1.

Demographic characteristics of the study population (TS. Total sample, n = 2535; 1. Spain, n = 388; 2. Italy, n = 376; 3. Lebanon, n = 487; 4. Nigeria, n = 561; 5. Turkey, n = 410; 6. Ukraine, n = 313).

Sample Nationality Cross-Country
Comparison
TS 1 2 3 4 5 6
Age
Mean 20.60 21.37 21.78 20.25 19.95 21.53 18.69 χ2/df = 30.4
SD 2.04 2.07 1.79 1.13 2.36 1.41 1.34 p < 0.001
Sex (%)
Male 26.75 20.10 21.01 41.27 31.20 20.24 19.81 χ2/df = 17.94
Female 73.25 79.90 78.99 58.73 68.80 79.76 80.19 p < 0.001
Branch (%)
Health Sci. 28.28 25.77 23.40 20.94 61.50 3.66 21.41 χ2/df = 45.90
Social Sci. 32.66 37.11 10.37 51.64 17.11 54.88 23.32 p < 0.001
Pure Sci. 10.25 12.89 2.66 13.35 12.66 12.19 4.47
Humanities 17.59 15.21 35.37 3.90 1.60 25.12 39.30
Engineering 5.56 0.51 8.77 6.16 7.13 0.00 11.50
Other 5.64 8.50 19.41 4.11 0.00 4.15 0.00
Vaccination (%)
Yes 76.41 96.40 96.01 87.47 37.61 92.93 58.79 χ2/df = 156.73
No 23.59 3.60 3.99 12.53 62.39 7.07 41.21 p < 0.001

Note: Sci. = Science.