Table 3.

Uni- and multivariate analysis for determining the factors associated with a surgical intention of total resection.

		Univariate		Multivariate
Factor		Odds Ratio (95% C.I.)	p-Value	Odds Ratio (95% C.I.)	p-Value
Age		1.003 (0.967–1.041)	0.870
Gender	Male	1.251 (0.530–2.950)	0.610
	Female	0.800 (0.339–1.886)
Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) < 70		1.403 (0.267–7.380)	0.689
Neurological deficit		0.810 (0.298–2.201)	0.680
Hemiparesis		5.789 (0.713–47.009)	0.100
Language disorder		1.092 (0.431–2.770)	0.853
Cognitive impairment		0.985 (0.336–2.890)	0.978
Sensory deficit		0.909 (0.079–10.419)	0.939
Asthenia/apathy		1.609 (0.410–6.312)	0.495
Behavioral disorder		0.793 (0.242–2.598)	0.702
Gait disturbance		0.804 (0.268–2.416)	0.698
Epileptic seizures		1.004 (0.316–3.183)	0.995
Headache		0.390 (0.149–1.022)	0.055
Brain hemisphere	Left	0.656 (0.273–1.578)	0.347
	Right	2.048 (0.824–5.091)	0.123
	Bilateral	-	-
Contrast-enhancement type	Ring	2.445 (1.015–5.888)	0.046	2.239 (0.798–6.282)	0.126
	Heterogeneous	0.537 (0.227–1.269)	0.157
	No enhancement	-	-
>2 lobes affected		2.200 (0.738–6.559)	0.157
Subventricular zone involvement		0.332 (0.103–1.068)	0.064
Corpus callosum involvement		0.394 (0.165–0.941)	0.036	0.786 (0.261–2.365)	0.669
Internal capsule < 1 cm		0.198 (0.079–0.496)	0.001	0.104 (0.029–0.372)	0.001
Contrast-enhancement volume (cc)		1.000 (0.972–1.028)	0.993
Edema volume (cc)		1.019 (1.004–1.034)	0.013	1.031 (1.011–1.051)	0.002
Necrosis volume (cc)		1.033 (0.984–1.084)	0.194
Necrosis–tumor enhancement ratio (NTR)		1.793 (0.523–6.148)	0.353
ASA 3–4		1.872 (0.624–5.614)	0.263
Risk of serious complication		1.048 (0.917–1.198)	0.489
Risk of any complication		1.048 (0.916–1.198)	0.494