Table 1.
Description of the sample studied (global and disaggregated by sex).
| Global (n = 332; 100%) |
Men (n = 108; 32.6%) |
Women (n = 223; 67.4%) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Mean (SD) | Min–Max | Mean (SD) | Min–Max | Mean (SD) | Min–Max | |
| Age (n = 330) | 60.5 (15.1) | 18.3–89.9 | 55.7 (16.7) | 19.9–87.7 | 62.8 (13.7) | 18.3–89.9 | |
| Social risk (Continuous variable *) (n = 283) | 8.69 (2.6) | 5–18 | 9.2 (3.2) | 5–18 | 8.4 (2.2) | 5–14 | |
| Variable | Categories | n | % | n | % | n | % |
| Participant type (n = 326) |
Chronic | 227 | 69.6 | 87 | 82.1 | 139 | 63.5 |
| Caregiver | 71 | 21.8 | 16 | 15.1 | 55 | 25.1 | |
| Both | 28 | 8.6 | 3 | 2.8 | 25 | 11.42 | |
| Being a caregiver (n = 326) | No | 227 | 69.6 | 87 | 82.1 | 139 | 63.5 |
| Yes | 99 | 30.4 | 19 | 17.9 | 80 | 36.5 | |
| Chronicity (n = 326) | No chronic disease | 71 | 21.8 | 16 | 15.1 | 55 | 25.1 |
| With chronic disease | 255 | 78.2 | 90 | 84.9 | 164 | 74.9 | |
| Migration status (Country of birth) (n = 329) | Yes (Other country) | 3.4 | 10.3 | 13 | 12.3 | 21 | 9.5 |
| No (Spain) | 295 | 89.7 | 93 | 87.7 | 201 | 90.5 | |
| Educational level (n = 323) | Primary or less | 161 | 49.9 | 45 | 42.9 | 115 | 53 |
| Secondary | 121 | 37.5 | 47 | 44.8 | 74 | 34.1 | |
| Higher education | 41 | 12.7 | 13 | 12.4 | 28 | 12.9 | |
| Institucionalization (n = 338) | None | 267 | 79.0 | 51 | 47.2 | 209 | 93.7 |
| Nursing home | 7 | 2.1 | 4 | 3.7 | 3 | 1.4 | |
| Prison facilities | 47 | 13.9 | 42 | 38.9 | 5 | 2.2 | |
| Alcohol rehabilitation centre | 17 | 5.0 | 11 | 10.2 | 6 | 2.7 | |
| Residential area (n = 331) | Rural Peasant | 76 | 23.9 | 21 | 19.6 | 54 | 24.9 |
| Rural Intensive | 132 | 39.9 | 57 | 72.9 | 74 | 59.0 | |
| Peri-urban Peasant | 43 | 13.0 | 8 | 7.5 | 32 | 73.7 | |
| Intensive Peri-urban | 43 | 13.0 | 8 | 7.5 | 3.4 | 89.4 | |
| Urban | 37 | 11.2 | 13 | 12.2 | 23 | 100 | |
| Social risk global assessment (Gijón Questionnaire *) (n = 283) | No social risk | 188 | 66.4 | 52 | 56.5 | 136 | 71.2 |
| With socio-familial risk | 88 | 31.1 | 33 | 35.9 | 55 | 28.8 | |
| Socio-familial problems | 7 | 2.5 | 7 | 7.6 | 0 | 0 | |
| Dichotomized Gijón questionnaire variables (social risk) ** | |||||||
| Low level of income (n = 307) | Yes | 205 | 66.8 | 63 | 61.8 | 141 | 69.1 |
| No (More than 1060 euros per month) | 102 | 33.2 | 39 | 38.2 | 63 | 30.9 | |
| Live alone (n = 324) | Yes | 84 | 25.9 | 32 | 30.5 | 52 | 23.7 |
| No (They live accompanied with or without dependence) | 240 | 74.1 | 73 | 69.5 | 167 | 76.3 | |
| Absence of social relationships (n = 326) | Yes (I do not leave the house or receive visitors (or less than once a week) | 6 | 1.8 | 6 | 5.8 | 0 | 0 |
| No | 320 | 98.2 | 98 | 94.2 | 221 | 100 | |
| Absence of social support (n = 312) | Yes (I need permanent care that is not provided) | 2 | 0.6 | 2 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 |
| No | 310 | 99.4 | 97 | 98.0 | 212 | 100 | |
| Inadequate housing (n = 327) | Yes | 61 | 18.7 | 19 | 17.9 | 41 | 18.6 |
| No (It is appropriate to my needs) | 266 | 81.4 | 87 | 82.1 | 179 | 81.4 | |
* Gijón Scale: minimum score = 5 and maximum = 25 points. Sections: <10 indicates no socio-familial risk, 10 to 14 in risk, >15 problems ** The recategorized category is described alone in each variable, and the rest of the categories are included in the other option.