Table 2.
Anthropometric and echocardiographic measurements of the study population compared by gender.
| Parameter | Unit | Males (n = 130) | Females (n = 70) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | (years) | 35 ± 11 | 37 ± 12 |
| BSA | (m2) | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.2 * |
| BMI | (kg/m2) | 23 ± 4 | 21 ± 3 * |
| Heart Rate | (bpm) | 79 ± 13 | 83 ± 14 |
| SBP | (mmHg) | 119 ± 9 | 116 ± 9 |
| DBP | (mmHg) | 68 ± 7 | 68 ± 8 |
| IVSd | (mm) | 9.0 ± 1.6 | 8.0 ± 1.5 * |
| PWd | (mm) | 9.0 ± 1.5 | 8.0 ± 1.8 * |
| LVMi | (g/m2) | 72 ± 14 | 61 ± 15 * |
| LV EDVi | (mL/m2) | 52 ± 11 | 50 ± 11 |
| LV ESVi | (mL/m2) | 18 ± 4 | 21 ± 6 * |
| LV SVi | (mL/m2) | 31 ± 8 | 32 ± 10 |
| LV EF | (%) | 59 ± 5 | 59 ± 5 |
| LV E wave | (cm/s) | 85 ± 16 | 81 ± 18 |
| LV Edt | (ms) | 156 ± 27 | 159 ± 28 |
| LV E/A | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | |
| LV s | (cm/s) | 9 ± 2 | 10 ± 2 |
| LV E’ | (cm/s) | 16 ± 3 | 15 ± 3 |
| LV E/E’ | 5.5 ± 1 | 5.2 ± 1 | |
| LA ESVi | (mL/m2) | 21 ± 6 | 22 ± 6 |
| TAPSE | (cm) | 22 ± 3 | 22 ± 3 |
| RV-EDAi | (cm/m2) | 9 ± 2 | 9 ± 2 |
| RV-ESAi | (cm/m2) | 5 ± 1 | 5 ± 1 |
| FAS | (%) | 46 ± 7 | 44 ± 9 |
*, p < 0.01, males compared to females; BMI: body mass index; BSA: body surface area; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; EDAi: end-diastolic area indexed; EDVi: end-diastolic volume index; EF: ejection fraction; E/A: transmitral peak E/A ratio; E/E’: peak transmitral Ep/tissue Doppler E’ wave ratio; E: pulsed Doppler transmitral peak early diastolic wave; ESAi: end-systolic area indexed; ESVi: end-systolic volume index; FAS: fractional area shortening; IVSd: interventricular septum thickness, diastole; LV: left ventricular; LVMi left ventricular mass index; LA: left atrial; PWd: postero-lateral wall thickness, diastole; s: tissue Doppler peak systolic wave; SBP: systolic blood pressure, RV, right ventricle, SVi: stroke volume indexed, TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.