Table 1.
The clinical efficacy of photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT)—In vivo studies.
| N (Patients) | Specification | |
|---|---|---|
|
VNC calcium removal (PurelumenTM) |
||
| Mergen et al. [18] | 30 | * Accuracy in coronary stenosis grading improved * Image quality improved |
| Wolf et al. [15] | 33 (+in vitro phantom) |
Stenosis severity and blooming artifacts decreased |
| STENTS—in vivo studies | ||
| Hagar et al. [20] | 44 (n = 5 ISRs) | 5 (100%) ISRs detected vs. ICA |
| Contrast agent reduction | ||
| Cundari et al. [32] | 100 | 20% |
| Higashigaito et al. [33] | 100 | 25% (52.5 mL) |
| Radiation dose reduction | ||
| Hagen et al. [36] | 40 (obese) | 31% CTDI vol |
| Graafen et al. [37] | 32 | 2 times less CTDI vol (p < 0.001) |
| Accuracy of stenosis grading (UHR mode) | ||
| Koons et al. [21] | 23 patients 34 lesions |
* Stenosis severity reduced in PCD-CT (p < 0.001): 11% reduction in percent diameter stenosis (%DS) * 15/34 underwent changes in stenosis severity |
| Halfmann et al. [22] | 114 patients (+in vitro phantom) |
* Calcified lesions led to more accurate stenosis % * NCP and mixed equal |
Abbreviations: ISR = in-stent restenosis. ICA = invasive coronary angiography. mL = milliliter. CTDI = computed tomography dose index. Vol = volume. PCD-CT = photon-counting detector computed tomography. NCP = non-calcified plaque.