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. 2024 Apr 12;13(8):2237. doi: 10.3390/jcm13082237

Table 1.

Changes in gut microbiota in IBD and SpA compared.

IBD SpA IBD-Related SpA
CD UC AS PsA
Increase
Proteobacteria
(F)(T) [57,58,63]		 Proteobacteria
(F)(T) [57,63]		 Actinobacteria
(F) [22]		 Actinobacteria
(F) [22]		 Proteobacteria
(F) [85]
Bacteroidetes
(F)(T) [57,58,63]		 Bacteroidetes
(F)(T) [57,63]
Gammaproteobacteria
(F) [66] *
Deltaproteobacteria
(F) [66] *
Enterobacteriaceae
(T)(F) [21,66] *		 Enterobacteriaceae
(T)(F) [19,21]		 Enterobacteriaceae
(F)(CAL) [21,86] # 		Enterobacteriaceae
(F)(CAL) [21]
Fusobacteriaceae
(T) [62]		 Fusobacteriaceae
(T) [62]		 Bacteroidaceae
(T) [18]		 Bacteroidaceae
(T) [18]
Veillonellaceae
(T) [66] *		 Lachnospiraceae
(T) [18]		 Lachnospiraceae
(T) [18]
Neisseriaceae
(T) [66] *		 Porphyromonadaceae
(T) [18]		 Porphyromonadaceae
(T) [18]
Pasteurellaceae
(T) [66] *		 Rikenellaceae
(T) [18]		 Rikenellaceae
(T) [18]
Ruminococcaceae
(T) [18]		 Ruminococcaceae
(T) [18]
Streptococcus
(F)(T) [21,66] *		 Streptococcus
(F)(T) [21]		 Streptococcus
(F)(T) [19,21]		 Streptococcus
(F)(T) [19,21]		 Escherichia
(F) [85]
Haeomophilus
(F)(T) [66] *		 Haeomophilus
(F)(T) [21]		 Haeomophilus
(F)(T) [21]		 Shighella
(F) [85]
Enterococcus
(F) [66] *		 Blautia
(F) [22]		 Blautia
(F) [22]
Campylobacter
(F) [66] *		 Dorea
(F) [22]		 Dorea
(F) [22]
Lactobacillus
(F) [66] *		 Bifidobacterium
(T) [17]		 Bifidobacterium
(T) [17]
Megasphaera
(F) [66] *		 Megamonas
(F) [22]		 Megamonas
(F) [22]
Sutterella
(F) [22]		 Sutterella
(F) [22]
Ruminococcus Torques
(T) [59,61]		 Ruminococcus Torques
(T) [61]		 Prevotella melaninogenica
(T) [17]		 Prevotella melaninogenica
(T) [17]
Bacteroides fragilis
(F) [66] *		 Prevotella copri
(T)(F) [17,87]		 Prevotella copri
(T)(F) [17,87]
Proteus mirabilis
(F) [66] *		 Prevotella sp. C561
(T) [17]		 Prevotella sp. C561
(T) [17]
Klebsiella pneumoniae
(F) [66] *		 Prevotella stercorea
(CAL) [86]
Ruminococcus Gnavus
(T) [59,60,61]		 Ruminococcus Gnavus
(T) [60,61]		 Bacteroides coprophilus
(F) [87]		 Bacteroides coprophilus
(F) [87]
Bacteroides Vulgatus
(A) [88]		 Bacteroides Vulgatus
(A) [88]		 Bacteroides Vulgatus
(A) [88]
Dialister Invisus
(T) [24]		 Dialister Invisus
(T) [24]		 Dialister Invisus
(T) [24]
Actinomyces spp.
(F) [73]		 Actinomyces spp.
(F) [73]		 Bacteroides Plebeius
(F) [22]		 Bacteroides Plebeius
(F) [22]
Intestinibacter spp.
(F) [73]		 Intestinibacter spp.
(F) [73]		 Parabacteroides Distasonis
(F) [87]		 Parabacteroides Distasonis
(F) [87]
Escherichia coli
(F) [67]		 Eubacterium Siraeum
(F) [87]		 Eubacterium Siraeum
(F) [87]
Acidaminococcus Fermentans
(F) [87]		 Acidaminococcus Fermentans
(F) [87]
Clostridium Boltae
(F) [20] # 		Clostridium Boltae
(F) [20] #
Clostridium Hathewayi
(F) [20] # 		Clostridium Hathewayi
(F) [20] #
Clostridiales b. 1 7 47FAA
(F) [20] # 		Clostridiales b. 1 7 47FAA
(F) [20] #
Succinivibrio spp.
(CAL) [86] #
Pneumoviridae
(T) [79]
Herpesviridae
(T) [78]		 Herpesviridae
(T) [78]
Caudovirales bacteriophages
(F) [77]		 Caudovirales bacteriophages
(F) [77]
Norovirus
(A) [80]		 Norovirus
(A) [80]
Epinococcus spp.
(F) [84]		 Epinococcus spp.
(F) [84]
Wallemia
(F) [84]		 Wallemia
(F) [84]
Aspergillus
(F) [84]		 Aspergillus
(F) [84]
Candida Albicans
(F) [82,83]		 Candida Albicans
(F) [82,83]
Malassezia Restricta
(T)(A) [81]		 Malassezia Restricta
(T)(A) [81]
Decrease
Firmicutes
(T)(F) [57,58,63]		 Firmicutes
(T)(F) [57,63]		 Firmicutes
(F) [85]
Erysipelotrichales
(T) [66] *
Bacteroidales
(T) [66] *
Clostridiales
(T) [66,67] *
Ruminococcaceae
(T)(F) [63]		 Ruminococcaceae
(T)(F) [63]		 Ruminococcaceae
(F) [18]		 Ruminococcaceae
(F) [18]		 Ruminococcaceae
(F) [85]
Lachnospiraceae
(T) [63,65]		 Lachnospiraceae
(T) [63,65]		 Veillonellaceae
(T) [18]		 Veillonellaceae
(T) [18]
Fusobacteriacea
(F) [66] *		 Prevotellaceae
(T) [18]		 Prevotellaceae
(T) [18]
Neisseriaceae
(F) [66] *
Clostridium
(F) [19]		 Clostridium
(F) [19]		 Clostridium
(F) [19]
Ruminococcus
(T) [63]		 Ruminococcus
(T) [63]		 Ruminococcus
(F) [22,89]		 Ruminococcus
(F) [22]		 Ruminococcus
(F) [89]
Akkermansia
(T) [89]		 Akkermansia
(T) [89]		 Akkermansia
(F) [89]		 Akkermansia
(F) [89]
Faecalibacterium
(T)(F) [63,65,68,69]		 Faecalibacterium
(T)(F) [63,65,68]		 Faecalibacterium
(F) [22]		 Faecalibacterium
(F) [22]		 Faecalibacterium
(F) [85]
Roseburia
(T) [63,64,65]		 Roseburia
(T) [63,64,65]		 Lachnospira
(F) [22]		 Lachnospira
(F) [22]
Eubacterium
(T) [66] *
Dorea
(T)(F) [66] *
Blautia
(T) [66] *
Collinsella
(T) [63,65]		 Collinsella
(T) [63,65]
Coprococcus
(T) [66] *
Phascolarctobacterium
(T) [63]		 Phascolarctobacterium
(T) [63]
Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii
(T) [63,66,69] *		 Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii
(T) [19,63,64]		 Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii
(F) [19,87]		 Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii
(F) [19,87]
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis
(F) [64]		 Bifidobacterium Adolescentis
(F) [20] # 		Bifidobacterium Adolescentis
(F) [20] #
Coprococcus Comes
(F) [66] *		 Ruminococcus Obeum
(F) [87]		 Ruminococcus Obeum
(F) [87]
Bifidobacterium Longum
(F) [72]		 Bifidobacterium Longum
(F) [72]		 Eubacterium Hallii
(F) [87]		 Eubacterium Hallii
(F) [87]
Eubacterium biforme (F)(CAL) [86] #
Coprococcus Catus
(F)(CAL) [20,86,87] # 		Coprococcus Catus
(F)(CAL) [20,87]
Coprococcus Eutactus
(F) [87]		 Coprococcus Eutactus
(F) [87]
Lachnospiraceae b. 5 1 63FAA (F) [20] #
Roseburia Inulinivorans
(F) [20] # 		Roseburia Inulinivorans
(F) [20] #
Prevotella copri
(F) [20] # 		Prevotella copri
(F) [20] #
Dialister Invisus
(F) [20] # 		Dialister Invisus
(F) [20] #
Clostridium IV
(F) [22]		 Clostridium IV
(F) [22]
Clostridium XlVb
(F) [22]		 Clostridium XlVb
(F) [22]
Saccharomyces cerevisae
(F) [82,83]		 Saccharomyces cerevisae
(F) [82,83]
Candida tropicalis
(F) [84]		 Candida tropicalis
(F) [84]
Anelloviridae
(T) [79]		 Anelloviridae
(T) [79]

Taxonomy of gut microbiota in IBD and SpA compared. Legend: Inline graphic phylum, Inline graphic order, Inline graphic family, Inline graphic genus, Inline graphic species, Inline graphic fungi, Inline graphic virus, (F) human fecal samples, (T) human tissue samples, (CAL) colonoscopy aspiration lavages, (A) animal models, * children population, # biological treatment. The highlighted bacteria are those whose intestinal concentration is altered in both diseases.