Table 2.
Characteristics of mothers and infants born at term or premature.
| Term Birth (n = 200) |
PTB (n = 199) | Total (n = 399) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mother’s age (years) [Median (IQR)] | 30 (26–34) | 31 (27–35) | 0.20 ‡ | |
| BMI (kg/m2) [Median (IQR)] | 27.4 (24.5–30.6) | 26.7 (24.2–30.1) | 0.35 ‡ | |
| Underweight [n (%)] | 2 (1) | 0 | 2 (0.5) | 0.15 † |
| Normal weight [n (%)] | 54 (27) | 66 (33) | 120 (30.1) | |
| Overweight [n (%)] | 144 (72) | 133 (67) | 277 (69.4) | |
| Coffee consumption [n (%)] | 167 (83.5) | 155 (77.9) | 322 (80.7) | 0.17 * |
| Smoking habit [n (%)] | 52 (25.9) | 63 (31.5) | 115 (28.7) | 0.21 * |
| Pregnancy complications [n (%)] | 104 (51.7) | 150 (75.4) | 254 (63.7) | <0.001 * |
| Uroinfection [n (%)] | 18 (9) | 27 (13.5) | 45 (11.2) | 0.15 * |
| Positive cervical swabs [n (%)] | 44 (21.9) | 35 (17.5) | 79 (19.7) | 0.27 * |
| Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy [n (%)] | 14 (7) | 45 (22.6) | 59 (14.8) | <0.001 * |
| PPROM [n (%)] | 47 (23.4) | 118 (59.6) | 165 (41.4) | <0.001 * |
| Number of previous births [Median (IQR)] |
2 (1–2) | 1 (1–2) | 0.27 ‡ | |
| PB in family anamnesis [n (%)] | 0 | 33 (16.5) | 33 (8.2) | <0.001 * |
| Number of previous PB (n = 32) [Median (IQR)] | 1 (n = 1) | 1 (min 1–max 3) | - | |
| Gestational age [Median (IQR)] | 39 + 4 (39–40 + 3) | 34 + 6 (32–36) | <0.001 ‡ | |
| Mode of delivery [n (%)] | ||||
| Vaginal birth | 195 (98) | 142 (71) | 337 (84) | <0.001 * |
| Cesarean section | 5 (2) | 57 (29) | 62 (16) | |
| Premature birth [n (%)] | ||||
| Extremely early PB | - | 16 (8) | - | - |
| Early PB | - | 32 (16) | - | - |
| Late PB | - | 151 (76) | - | - |
| Birth weight of infants [g] | 3450 (3123–3800) | 2430 (1816–2780) | <0.001 ‡ | |
| Infant gender | ||||
| Male | 100 (50) | 117 (59) | 217 (54) | 0.07 * |
| Female | 100 (50) | 81 (41) | 181 (46) |
* Chi-square test; † Fisher’s exact test; ‡ Mann–Whitney U test. Abbreviations: BM, body mass index; IQR, interquartile range; PPROM, preterm premature rupture of membranes, PB, premature birth. Bold denotes statistical significance.