Table 1.

Metabolic pathways associated with healthy and diseased cartilage identified by volcano plot analyses. All reported pathways have an FDR-corrected significance level < 0.05.

Group	Regulation	Pathway
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Carnitine shuttle
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	De novo fatty acid biosynthesis
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Fatty acid activation
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Fatty acid metabolism
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Fatty acid oxidation
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Fatty acid oxidation, peroxisome
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis—ganglioseries
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis—globoseries
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Leukotriene metabolism
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	N-glycan degradation
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Omega-3 fatty acid metabolism
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Omega-6 fatty acid metabolism
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Phosphatidylinositol phosphate metabolism
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Phytanic acid peroxisomal oxidation
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	R group synthesis
Osteoarthritis	FC > 2, p < 0.05	Saturated fatty acid beta-oxidation
Healthy	FC < −2, p < 0.05	Aspartate and asparagine metabolism
Healthy	FC < −2, p < 0.05	Glycerophospholipid metabolism
Healthy	FC < −2, p < 0.05	Glycine, serine, alanine and threonine metabolism
Healthy	FC < −2, p < 0.05	Histidine metabolism
Healthy	FC < −2, p < 0.05	Methionine and cysteine metabolism
Healthy	FC < −2, p < 0.05	Purine metabolism
Healthy	FC < −2, p < 0.05	Squalene and cholesterol biosynthesis
Healthy	FC < −2, p < 0.05	Tryptophan metabolism
Healthy	FC < −2, p < 0.05	Urea cycle/amino group metabolism
Healthy	FC < −2, p < 0.05	Vitamin E metabolism
Healthy	FC < −2, p < 0.05	Vitamin K metabolism