Figure 8.

Schematic highlighting the primary findings of this study. Silymarin and polyherbal extract supplementation modulating the gut microbiota, significantly inhibiting the proliferation of Clostridium, Ileibacterium and Lactobacillus induced by high-fat diet, and further leading to a suppression in the synthesis of secondary BAs regulated by gut microbiota. The reduced levels of secondary BAs in the intestine and the improved BAs profile in blood circulation might be involved in the process of silymarin and polyherbal extract improving NAFLD.