Table 2.

Average percentage composition of the gut microbiota at the phylum level in CRC-induced animals for the four cohorts studied. Underlined phyla indicate significant differences (ANOVA test) between at least one of the cohorts treated with flavonoids (Cohorts 2, 3, and 4) and the control cohort (Cohort 1). Percentages marked by asterisks indicate that the cohort shows a statistically significant difference compared to the control within a specific phylum, along with the corresponding level of statistical significance. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.005; **** p < 0.0001).

	Cohort 1 (%)	Cohort 2 (%)	Cohort 3 (%)	Cohort 4 (%)
Actinomycetota	0.33	0.30	0.10 ****	0.26
Bacteroidota	32.01	32.40	36.08 **	35.80 **
Cyanobacteria	0.27	0.34	0.69	1.06 *
Deferribacterota	0.31	0.34	0.43	0.19
Thermodesulfobacteriota	0.53	0.43	0.95	0.60
Bacillota	64.78	63.33	59.87 *	59.41 *
Patescibacteria	0.35	2.06 **	1.07	1.28 *
Pseudomonadota	0.80	0.15 **	0.34	0.87
Verrucomicrobiota	0.62	0.67	0.48	0.52