Table 1.
Background data according to the fluid balance of patients undergoing emergency gastrointestinal surgery
| Low-FBa group, fluid balance < 0.0 L | Moderate-FB group, fluid balance 0.0–2.0 L | High-FB group, fluid balance > 2.0 L | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 44 | n = 108 | n = 151 | |
| Sex, female, no (%) | 24 (54.5) | 55 (50.9) | 89 (58.9) |
| Age, years, median [IQR] | 66.0 [56.8, 71.2] | 69.0 [57.0, 78.0] | 72.0 [61.0, 81.0] |
| Hospital, no (%) | |||
| Holbaek | 5 (11.4) | 19 (17.6) | 43 (28.5) |
| Svendborg | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (4.6) |
| Slagelse | 0 (0.0) | 4 (3.7) | 12 (7.9) |
| Odense | 0 (0.0) | 9 (8.3) | 7 (4.6) |
| Herlev | 39 (88.6) | 76 (70.4) | 82 (54.3) |
| Body mass index, median [IQR] | 24.8 [20.6, 29.3] | 24.3 [22.0, 27.4] | 24.1 [21.5, 26.2] |
| Missing | 3 | 6 | 17 |
| Actively smoking, no (%) | 8 (18.2) | 23 (21.3) | 40 (26.5) |
| Excess alcohol intakeb no (%) | 5 (11.4) | 12 (11.1) | 18 (11.9) |
| ASA classification, no (%) | |||
| 1–2 | 26 (59.1) | 70 (64.8) | 88 (58.3) |
| 3–4 | 18 (40.9) | 38 (35.2) | 63 (41.7) |
| Sepsis 2 score, no (%) | |||
| 0–2 | 43 (97.7) | 107 (99.1) | 135 (89.4) |
| 3–4 | 1 (2.3) | 1 (0.9) | 16 (10.6) |
| APACHE II score, median [IQR] | 14.0 [13.0, 16.0] | 14.0 [12.0, 17.0] | 15.0 [13.0, 19.0] |
| Co-morbidity, no (%) | |||
| Heart disease | 6 (13.6) | 23 (21.3) | 42 (27.8) |
| Hypertension | 16 (36.4) | 44 (40.7) | 57 (37.7) |
| Pulmonary disease | 10 (22.7) | 15 (13.9) | 28 (18.5) |
| Renal disease | 5 (11.4) | 11 (10.2) | 13 (8.6) |
| Liver disease | 4 (9.1) | 3 (2.8) | 2 (1.3) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 4 (9.1) | 15 (13.9) | 14 (9.3) |
| Active cancer | 10 (22.7) | 16 (14.8) | 14 (9.3) |
| Randomization, GDT group, no (%) | 26 (59.1) | 62 (57.4) | 62 (41.1) |
| Intraabdominal pathology, no (%) | |||
| Ulcer disease | 2 (4.5) | 7 (6.5) | 17 (11.3) |
| Small bowel perforation | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.8) | 8 (5.3) |
| Large bowel perforation | 3 (6.8) | 9 (8.3) | 19 (12.6) |
| Small bowel obstruction | 37 (84.1) | 74 (68.5) | 85 (56.3) |
| Large bowel obstruction | 2 (4.5) | 10 (9.3) | 17 (11.3) |
| Necrosis of intestine | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.9) | 1 (0.7) |
| Otherc | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.8) | 4 (2.6) |
| Surgical procedure, no (%) | |||
| Gastro- or duodenoraphia | 2 (4.5) | 6 (5.6) | 17 (11.3) |
| Adhesiolysis | 27 (61.4) | 44 (40.7) | 49 (32.5) |
| Resection of small intestine | 2 (4.5) | 20 (18.5) | 29 (19.2) |
| Resection of large intestine | 7 (15.9) | 17 (15.7) | 28 (18.5) |
| Otherd | 6 (13.6) | 21 (19.4) | 28 (18.5) |
| Resection of intestine or stoma formation, no (%) | 17 (38.6) | 46 (42.6) | 69 (45.7) |
| Anastomosis | |||
| Small bowel | 3 (6.8) | 18 (16.7) | 30 (19.9) |
| Ileo-colic | 4 (9.1) | 12 (11.1) | 8 (5.3) |
| Colo-colic | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.3) |
| Laparoscopy, no (%) | 7 (15.9) | 26 (24.1) | 33 (21.9) |
| Time of anaesthesia, hours, median [IQR] | 2.4 [1.8, 3.1] | 2.4 [1.6, 3.5] | 2.5 [1.9, 3.4] |
| Time in recovery room, hours, median [IQR] | 3.6 [2.7, 6.1] | 4.2 [2.8, 6.0] | 5.8 [2.8, 12.7] |
| Missing | 2 | 2 | 16 |
| Postoperative ICU care, immediately, no (%) | 2 (4.5) | 5 (4.6) | 24 (15.9) |
| Limited treatment postsurgical, no (%) | 3 (6.8) | 2 (1.9) | 7 (4.6) |
aFluid balance. b > 7 / 14 units week−1; women/men. cIntraluminal obstruction of intestine, perforated appendicitis. dDrainage, hernia repair, enterotomy, or stoma formation