Fig. 2.

Associations between any cigar and cigarette use status¹ at Wave 2 and new reports of ≥ 3 functionally important respiratory symptoms (N = 7,210²) at Wave 3, Wave 4, or Wave 5, PATH Study 2014–2019. OR = odds ratio. ORs are weighted, Ns are unweighted using the Wave 5 all-waves weights for the Wave 1 Cohort. Excludes those with COPD and other non-asthma respiratory diseases. ¹Current established any cigar smoking was defined as ever smoking any cigar fairly regularly and now smoking every day or some days. ²Ns are based on unadjusted OR sample size and do not take into account missingness on covariates. 583 observations were missing on covariates in the adjusted model. N for never cigar or cigarette smokers = 3,406. Adjusted for age (18–24, 25–39, 40–54, 55 +), sex, race/ethnicity, education, BMI, cigarette pack years, duration of cigar use, secondhand smoke exposure, past month marijuana use, and current established use of at least one of: ENDS, pipe, hookah, smokeless tobacco, snus