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. 2024 Mar 22;29(5-6):785–798. doi: 10.1007/s10495-024-01950-9

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — LIPUS-stimulated primary cilia interact with TRPV4. A Calcium; B Expression of IFT88; C cilia lenth(um); D %cilia positive cells; E Expression of IFT88; F Expression of Primary cilia; Data are presented as mean ± SEM; *p < 0.05 compared to N; ^#p < 0.05 compared to OA, †p < 0.05 compared to OAU,(n = 100). N normal chondrocyte, OA osteoarthritis chondrocyte, OAU osteoarthritis + Low intensity pulsed ultrasound chondrocyte, KON sh-IFT88 + normal chondrocyte, KOOA sh-IFT88 + osteoarthritis chondrocyte, KOOAU sh-IFT88 + osteoarthritis + Low intensity pulsed ultrasound chondrocyte, NUT- normal + Low intensity pulsed ultrasound + GSK219 chondrocyte, OAUT- osteoarthritis + Low intensity pulsed ultrasound + GSK219 chondrocyte, C control, U Low intensity pulsed ultrasound, UT- Low intensity pulsed ultrasound + GSK219, UT + Low intensity pulsed ultrasound + GSK101