Table 3.
Risk of bias in nonrandomized studies
| Author | Year | Risk of confounding | Selection of participants | Classification of intervention | Deviations from intended intervention | Missing outcome data | Measurement of the outcome | Selection of reported results | Overall risk of bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Augustin | 2005 | Moderate | Serious | Moderate | NI | Moderate | Moderate | moderate | serious |
| Fellmer | 1966 | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | moderate | Serious | Moderate | serious | serious |
| Fritz | 2018 | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | NI | Low | Moderate | Serious | Serious |
| Grossarth-Maticek CORPUS | 2008 | Serious | Moderate | Serious | serious | Moderate | Moderate | Serious | Serious |
| Grossarth-Maticek OVAR | 2007c | Serious | Moderate | Serious | serious | Moderate | Moderate | Serious | Serious |
| Grossarth-Maticek CERVIX | 2007b | Serious | Moderate | Serious | serious | Moderate | Moderate | Serious | Serious |
| Grossarth-Maticek Melanoma | 2007a | Moderate | Low | Serious | serious | Serious | Moderate | Serious | Serious |
| Grossarth-Maticek Mamma | 2006b | Moderate | Low | Serious | critical | Serious | Moderate | Serious | Critical |
| Grossarth-Maticek MammaRec | 2006a | Moderate | Serious | Serious | serious | Moderate | Moderate | Serious | Serious |
| Grossarth-Maticek MammaLym | 2006a | Moderate | Moderate | Serious | serious | Moderate | Moderate | Serious | Serious |
| Grossarth-Maticek MammaMet | 2006a | Moderate | Moderate | Serious | serious | Moderate | Moderate | Serious | Serious |
| Grossarth-Maticek Full population strict | 2001 | Serious | Moderate | Serious | NI | Serious | Moderate | Serious | Serious |
| Grossarth-Maticek Subgroups cancer type | 2001 | Serious | Moderate | Serious | NI | Serious | Moderate | Serious | Serious |
| Günczler Mamma | 1969 | Serious | Serious | Low | serious | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Serious |
| Günczler Colon | 1969 | NI | NI | NI | NI | NI | NI | NI | NI |
| Günczler | 1968 | Serious | Low | Moderate | serious | Serious | Moderate | Low | Serious |
| Hassauer | 1979 | Serious | Moderate | Moderate | serious | Serious | Moderate | Serious | Serious |
| Hoffmann | 1982 | Serious | Serious | Moderate | serious | Low | Moderate | Low | Serious |
| Hoffmann | 1979 | Serious | Serious | Moderate | serious | NI | Moderate | Moderate | Serious |
| Leroi | 1977 | Serious | Serious | Moderate | NI | Serious | Moderate | Serious | Critical |
| Leroi* | 1975 | NI | NI | NI | NI | NI | NI | NI | NI |
| Matthes | 2010 | Low | Moderate | Low | NI | Moderate | Moderate | Serious | Serious |
| Salzer | 1985 | Moderate | Low | Moderate | NI | NI | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Schmidt | 2007 | Low | Moderate | Moderate | NI | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Schuppli | 1990 | Serious | Moderate | Low | NI | NI | Moderate | Moderate | Serious |
NI No information on risk of bias