Table 3.
Healthcare resource utilization by disease group
| Resource | Obstructive lung disease (N = 114), n (%) | Pulmonary vascular disease (N = 25), n (%) | Cystic fibrosis and immunodeficiency disorders (N = 67), n (%) | Restrictive lung disease (N = 376), n (%) | Total (N = 582), n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-mo preadmission period, n (%) | |||||
| ECMO use | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.0) | 3 (0.8) | 5 (0.9) |
| Mechanical ventilation use | 4 (3.5) | 2 (8.0) | 1 (1.5) | 5 (1.3) | 12 (2.1) |
| Noninvasive respiratory support use | 2 (1.8) | 1 (4.0) | 7 (10.4) | 8 (2.1) | 18 (3.1) |
| Lung biopsy | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.8) | 4 (0.7) |
| Stenting | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) |
| Balloon dilation | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) |
| Bronchial thermoplasty | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Dialysis | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) |
| Intubation | 3 (2.6) | 2 (8.0) | 3 (4.5) | 10 (2.7) | 18 (3.1) |
| Tracheostomy | 1 (0.9) | 1 (4.0) | 1 (1.5) | 2 (0.5) | 5 (0.9) |
| Index hospitalization, n (%) | |||||
| ECMO use | 6 (5.3) | 8 (32.0) | 13 (19.4) | 73 (19.4) | 100 (17.2) |
| Mechanical ventilation use | 14 (12.3) | 3 (12.0) | 4 (6.0) | 59 (15.7) | 80 (13.7) |
| Noninvasive respiratory support use | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (6.0) | 5 (1.3) | 10 (1.7) |
| Lung biopsy | 19 (16.7) | 7 (28.0) | 10 (14.9) | 66 (17.6) | 102 (17.5) |
| Stenting | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) |
| Balloon dilation | 2 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (1.3) | 7 (1.2) |
| Bronchial thermoplasty | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Dialysis | 1 (0.9) | 1 (4.0) | 2 (3.0) | 11 (2.9) | 15 (2.6) |
| Intubation | 7 (6.1) | 9 (36.0) | 10 (14.9) | 55 (14.6) | 81 (13.9) |
| Tracheostomy | 11 (9.6) | 9 (36.0) | 10 (14.9) | 57 (15.2) | 87 (14.9) |
| 3-mo postdischarge period | |||||
| ECMO use | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Mechanical ventilation use | 3 (2.6) | 1 (4.0) | 1 (1.5) | 16 (4.3) | 21 (3.6) |
| Noninvasive respiratory support use | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | 6 (1.6) | 8 (1.4) |
| Lung biopsy | 99 (86.8) | 17 (68.0) | 64 (95.5) | 321 (85.4) | 501 (86.1) |
| Stenting | 3 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (2.7) | 13 (2.2) |
| Balloon dilation | 6 (5.3) | 2 (8.0) | 3 (4.5) | 24 (6.4) | 35 (6.0) |
| Bronchial thermoplasty | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Dialysis | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | 6 (1.6) | 8 (1.4) |
| Intubation | 2 (1.8) | 2 (8.0) | 1 (1.5) | 14 (3.7) | 19 (3.3) |
| Tracheostomy | 2 (1.8) | 2 (8.0) | 1 (1.5) | 9 (2.4) | 14 (2.4) |
19.4% of patients with restrictive lung disease and cystic fibrosis underwent ECMO during their index hospitalization. 86% of all patients underwent lung biopsy within the 3 months after discharge. ECMO, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.