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. 2024 Apr 15;12:1345402. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1345402

Table 5.

Intake and meeting requirements for vitamins in the study group.

Overall intake Needs * Intake p-value** % below requirements
Min–Max Mean ±SD/Median Organic Conventional Organic Conventional
Mean ±SD/Median Mean ±SD/Median % %
Vitamin A (μg) 505.5–22043 1482.0 500–630 1571.6 1473.2 0.285 0 4
Vitamin E (mg) 2.06–38.20 8.98 8–10 9.73 6.18 0.015 43 68
Vitamin D (μg) 0.84–24.21 3.93 15 4.53 3.84 0.392 93 96
Vitamin C (mg) 6.16–506.5 87.58 60–75 115.2 70.11 < 0.001 14 52
Vitamin B1 (mg) 0.62–3.21 1.46 0.9–1.1 1.51 1.24 0.113 7 24
Vitamin B2 (mg) 0.80–7.16 1.94 0.9–1.1 2.17 1.69 0.027 0 4
Vitamin PP (mg) 8.68–63.43 25.16 11–12 26.56 20.95 0.159 4 4
Vitamin B6 (mg) 0.85–4.42 2.28 ± 0.81 1.1–1.4 2.60 ± 0.71 1.93 ± 0.78 0.002 0 16
Vitamin B12 (μg) 1.26–103.3 4.22 2 5.32 3.16 0.050 7 12
Folate (μg) 70.34–695.5 286.0 320 352.0 238.1 < 0.001 39 76

Needs estimated on the basis of Standards for the Polish population (23); Bolded values statistically significant; *Needs (according to EAR / AI) depending on age and gender; **Student t-test for normal distribution and the U Mann–Witney's test for a distribution different from normal.