Fig 7.

A left ankle in supine position seen from a top-down surgeon’s perspective, with corresponding intra-articular views from the needle arthroscope. A 2-mm diameter shaver is used to debride the proliferated anterior capsule (a) and bone spurs on the talar neck and distal tibia (b). The lateral (c) and medial (d) joint spaces are inspected for remaining potential for impingement by moving the ankle back and forth from plantarflexion to dorsiflexion. Note that the arthroscope and shaver are used in the anteromedial and anterolateral interchangeably. (T, talus, Tib, tibia.)