Table 2.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Modified Single–Working Portal Technique Using Percutaneous Spinal Needle Suture Passing

Advantages

The spinal needle has a smaller diameter than traditional suture hooks, resulting in less iatrogenic damage to rotator cuff tissue.

The technique only requires the use of 1 operation portal to carry out suture anchor implantation, suture passing, and knotting, thus achieving a more minimally invasive and simple model.

The suturing is completed by percutaneous puncture, effectively avoiding interference between the suture device and grasper in the same portal, as well as facilitating suture management.

The anterior portal in this technique is created with greater flexibility in location, and the technique is easy for beginners to learn.

The technique uses a spinal needle to load the PDS suture into a large loop structure that accommodates the passage of a grasper and can be completed directly in the joint by a single surgeon.

The tools used in the technique are highly fungible, such as hollow needles.

The whole process is simple, economical, and convenient, and the operating time is short.

The spinal needle is straight, and the process of penetrating the tissue is more straightforward.

The technique is suitable for tears of the inferior part of the subscapularis and tear of the subscapularis with retraction.

Disadvantages

Percutaneous suturing is a demanding technique when performed arthroscopically and requires a learning curve.

The tissue may be at risk of damage during percutaneous puncture; therefore, meticulous attention should be given to the precise location of the puncture.