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. 2023 Jul 17;1:5. doi: 10.1038/s44259-023-00007-2

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — Compared with monotherapy, treatment with drug combinations can improve drug efficacy and overcome resistance. a Targeting resistance mechanisms to improve antifungal efficacy due to increased bioavailability against multidrug-resistant pathogens. For example, pharmacological inhibition of efflux pump Cdr1 with a bis-benzodioxolylindolinone (azoffluxin) increases intracellular fluconazole levels, improving fluconazole activity against the emerging pathogen C. auris. b Targeting stress response regulators to enhance antifungal efficacy and impede the emergence of drug resistance. For example, pharmacological inhibition of Hsp90 with geldanamycin abrogates stress responses required to survive antifungal-induced stress.