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. 2024 Apr 26;16(1):2344278. doi: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2344278

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© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

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Figure 2. — Microbial diversity analysis among three groups. (a,b) α-diversity indexes in the CRC, CP, and HC groups (observed, diversity Shannon and Simpson indexes depict diversity). (c) PCoA for β-diversity analysis. Red, orange, and grey represent different samples from the three groups. The structure and composition of the tongue coating microbiota were significantly different among the three groups. (d) Numbers of enriched OTUs between each compartment. Statistical significance by *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001; ns, non-significant. HC: healthy controls, CP: patients with colorectal polyps (CP), CRC: patients with colorectal cancer.