TABLE 5.

Spearman's rho correlation coefficient r_s between the Cognitive Behavioural Responses Questionnaire, short version (CBRQ-S) and selected measures (n=52)

CBRQ-S subscale	Consequences			Outcomes
	Breathlessness severity		Distress	Health-related quality of life	Self-management
	NRS worst breathlessness over 24 h	Dyspnea-12	NRS distress due to breathlessness	Health-related quality of life	NRS self-efficacy for managing breathlessness	CRQ mastery
Fear avoidance	rs=0.06, p=0.673	rs=0.27, p=0.067	rs=0.25, p=0.080	rs= −0.33, p=0.012	rs= −0.10, p=0.472	rs= −0.32, p=0.025
Embarrassment avoidance	rs=0.26, p=0.064	rs=0.50, p<0.001 *	rs=0.19, p=0.198	rs= −0.40, p=0.003*	rs= −0.36, p=0.010	rs= −0.39, p=0.004*
All-or-nothing behaviour	rs=0.29, p=0.043	rs=0.24, p=0.115	rs=0.28, p=0.050	rs= −0.41, p=0.003*	rs= −0.11, p=0.455	rs= −0.134, p=0.357
Damage beliefs	rs=0.20, p=0.146	rs=0.13, p=0.385	rs=0.00, p=0.997	rs= −0.07, p=0.608	rs= −0.08, p=0.567	rs= −0.02, p=0.881
Symptom focusing	rs=0.50, p<0.001*	rs=0.50, p<0.001*	rs=0.52, p<0.001*	rs= −0.60, p<0.001*	rs= −0.27, p<0.049	rs= −0.54, p<0.001*
Avoidance/resting behaviour	rs=0.16, p=0.250	rs=0.287, p=0.051	rs=0.32, p=0.023	rs= −0.22, p=0.116	rs= −0.08, p=0.566	rs= −0.22, p=0.120

r_s= ±1: perfect correlation; r_s= ±0.50–0.99: strong correlation; r_s= ±0.30–0.49: medium correlation; r_s< ±0.29: small correlation; r_s=0: no correlation. A Spearman's r_s of ≥0.50 was predefined as the threshold to denote important associations between variables, highlighted in bold. *: correlation significant at p<0.008 level (two-tailed). NRS: numerical rating scale (0–10); CRQ: Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire.