Table 1b.
Summaries of studies included in the review.
| Mika et al. (2007) | 10 healthy M | 3x50%MVC dynamic KE &flexion. PR, stretch, or AR. Post test = ISO KE at 50%MVC |
ISO KE, 50%MVC to failure & VLa EMG | Significant ↑in motor unit activation post AR |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moran-Navarro et al. (2017) | 10 RT M | 3 protocols (sets x reps x [max reps]): 3x5(10), 6x5(10), & 3x10(10), BS & BP | CMJ, MPV V1 & 75% 1RM loads, T:C, GH, & CK at AM + PM, 0, 6, 24, 48, & 72 h post | Failure = > REC of NM function & hormonal homeostasis |
| Pareja-Blanco et al. (2020) | 10 RT active M | Reps (R) per set, max predicted (P): R(P) - 6(12), 12(12), 5(10), 10(10), 4(8), 8(8), 3(6), 6(6), 2(4), & 4(4). 3 sets, BS & BP | CMJ, V1, T:C, GH, prolactin, IGF-1, & CK, -24 h, pre, 0, 6, 24, & 48 h post | Failure = > fatigue, hormonal response, MD, & slower NM REC, especially in high rep sets |
| Peake et al. (2017b) | 9 active M | Single LP & squat, KEs, & walking lunges, 8–12 reps. CWI (10°C, 10 min) or AR (cycling, low intensity, 10 min) | Biopsies pre, 2, 24, & 48 h post - inflammation, cytokines, neurotrophins, & HSP | CWI & AR = similar to minimise inflammatory response |
| Pritchard et al. (2018) | 8 RT M | 4-wk STR Tr, then 3.5 or 5.5 days Tr. cessation | T:C, CK, psychological tests, CMJ, IMTP, IBP pre-Tr., final day, & post Tr. cessation | CMJ & IBP ↑over time. CMJ & IBP ↑pre & final day Tr. |
| Raastad et al. (2000) | 10 M STR athletes | 100%3RM back & front squat & 6RM KEs or load 70% of that | Isokinetic KEs, ES, & squat jumps pre, 3, 7, 11, 22, 26, 30, & 33 h | All variables REC 3hr post in moderate, 33 h in 100% intensity |
| Raeder et al. (2016) | 14 M & 9 F STR Tr. | 6-day STR Tr.: 2x/day, high resistance + max ECC STR, full but mainly lower body | e1RM, MVIC, CMJ, MRJ, RSI, CK, DOMS, PRS, & stress pre & post & 3 days REC | ↓in all variables. 3 days, return to baseline in e1RM, CMJ, & MRJ |
| Thomas et al. (2018) | 10 young M | 3 x max effort in RT (10x5x80%1RM), jump (10x5 jump squat), & sprinting (15x30 m) | ES KE & fatigue via VAS pre, 0, 24,48, & 72 h post | REC 48 hr jump & 72 h STR & sprint |
| Travis et al. (2021) | 14 M & 2 F PL | 6-wk program, 1-wk overreach, either 1-wk step or 3-wk exponential taper | Pre & post ultrasound, biopsies, CMJ, ISO & 1RM BS | Step taper = ↑HYP. Exponential taper = ↑NM performance |
| Travis et al. (2022) | 16 M & 3 F STR Tr. athletes | 4-wk PL block. 3 or 5 days of Tr. cessation | Body comp, psychometrics, & BS, BP & DL 1RM pre & post the block & at 3- or 5 days post | No ↓in ISO BS, psychometrics, & body comp. Small ↓in ISO BP post 5, not 3 days cessation |
| Tsoukos et al. (2018) | 17 Tr. M POW + team sport athletes | Low-VOL, POW-type Tr. = 5x4x40%1RM jump squats HYP (3–5x8x75%+1RM), | CMJ, RSI in drop jump, LP max ISO force, & RFD pre, 24, & 48 h post | Low-VOL, POW-type Tr. = > CMJ, RSI, & RFD 24-48 h post |
| Zourdos et al. (2016) | 18 M college PL | POW (3–5x1x80–90%1RM), STR (3x max reps x85%1RM) vs. HYP, STR, POW. BS, BP, & DL | 1RM, total Tr. VOL, & T:C pre & post | HYP, POW, STR = > total VOL in BS & BP, > ↑in 1RM BP |
Training interventions are expressed as sets x repetitions x load/intensity. ↓ decrease, ↑ increase, ACV average concentric velocity, AR active recovery, BF % body fat percentage, BP bench press, BPT bench press throw, BS back squat, cfDNA cell free DNA, CK creatine kinase, CMJ counter movement jump, CSA cross sectional area, CWI cold water immersion, DL deadlift, DOMS delayed onset muscle soreness, E1RM estimated 1 repetition maximum, ECC eccentric, EMG electromyography, ES electrical stimulation, F female, GH growth hormone, HRC heart rate complexity, HRV heart rate variability, HSP heat shock proteins, HYP hypertrophy, IBP isometric bench press, ILE isometric leg extension, IGF-1 insulin like growth factor 1, IL-6 interleukin 6, IMTP isometric midthigh pull, ISO isometric, KE knee extension, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, LP leg press, M male, MD muscle damage, MPV mean propulsive velocity, MRJ multiple rebound jump, MT muscle thickness, MVC maximal voluntary contraction, NM neuromuscular, PL powerlift-er/ing, POW power, PR passive recovery, PRS perceived recovery scale, Reps repetitions, REC recovery, RFD rate of force development, RM repetition maximum, ROM range of motion, RPE rating of perceived exertion, RSI reactive strength index, RT resistance trained, STR strength, T:C testosterone cortisol ratio, Tr. Train-ed/ing, V1 movement velocity against the load that elicits 1 m/s, VAS visual analogue scale, VBT velocity-based training, VL velocity loss, VLa vastus lateralis, VOL volume