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. 2024 Apr 17;18(4):e0011842. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011842

Table 1. Seroprevalence of Zika virus per World Health Organization region and per study period.

WHO region Country Studies per country Study period
No. Jan 2000-Jul 2023 Jan 2000-Apr 2015 May 2015-Jul 2023
Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence
% 95%CI % 95%CI % 95%CI
Worldwide
(84 studies)
Overall 91a 21.0 16.1–26.4 12.6 6.4–20.4 25.7 20.5–31.3
Africa All 25 8.4 4.8–12.9 5.1 1.2–11.2 15.0 9.2–21.9
Burkina Faso 1 22.8 19.2–26.5 NA NA 22.8 19.2–26.5
Cabo Verde 1 10.9 8.1–14.0 NA NA 10.9 8.1–14.0
Cameroon 1 4.9 3.7–6.3 NA NA 4.9 3.7–6.3
Democratic Republic of the Congo 1 0.1 0.0–0.4 0.1 0.0–0.4 NA NA
Ethiopia 1 27.3 20.5–34.8 NA NA 27.3 20.5–34.8
Gabon 1 43.7 33.7–53.9 52.6 36.6–68.4 41.6 30.4–53.1
Ghana 1 13.1 9.1–17.8 13.1 9.1–17.8 NA NA
Kenya 2 1.5 0.0–7.1 0.2 0.0–0.7 3.9 2.7–5.3
Madagascar 1 0.0 NA 0.0 NA NA NA
Mali 2 7.0 1.7–15.6 5.6 3.0–16.5 12.0 9.8–14.3
Nigeria 5 13.1 6.6–21.3 NA NA 13.1 6.6–21.3
Republic of the Congo 1 1.8 0.7–3.4 1.8 0.7–3.4 NA NA
Rwanda 1 1.4 0.7–2.3 NA NA 1.4 0.7–2.3
Senegal 1 10.1 4.8–17.0 10.1 4.8–17.0 NA NA
Sudan 1 0.1 0.0–0.2 0.1 0.0–0.2 NA NA
Tanzania 1 6.7 5.5–7.9 NA NA 6.7 5.5–7.9
The Gambia 1 1.8 0.0–6.2 1.8 0.0–6.2 NA NA
Zambia 2b 7.9 3.9–13.1 NA NA 10.7 6.9–15.3
America All 31 39.9 30.3–49.9 0.0 NA 39.9 30.3–49.9
Bolivia 1 29.1 26.0–32.3 NA NA 29.1 26.0–32.3
Brazil 13 36.9 24.9–49.8 0.0 NA 36.9 24.9–49.8
Colombia 4 56.6 15.7–92.7 NA NA 56.6 15.7–92.7
French Guiana 1 23.3 21.7–24.9 NA NA 23.3 21.7–24.9
Guatemala 1 21.8 17.8–26.1 NA NA 21.8 17.8–26.1
Honduras 1 73.8 69.9–77.6 NA NA 73.8 69.9–77.6
Jamaica 1 15.6 12.7–18.6 NA NA 15.6 12.7–18.6
Martinique 1 21.9 18.6–25.3 NA NA 21.9 18.6–25.3
Mexico 2 60.1 56.9–63.2 NA NA 60.1 56.9–63.2
Nicaragua 3 57.0 37.8–75.1 NA NA 57.0 37.8–75.1
Peru 1 13.0 9.9–16.5 NA NA 13.0 9.9–16.5
Puerto Rico 1 34.0 29.4–38.7 NA NA 34.0 29.4–38.7
Suriname 1 35.1 31.7–38.5 NA NA 35.1 31.7–38.5
Eastern Mediterranean All 3 16.0 10.1–23.1 NA NA 16.0 10.1–23.1
Iran 1 0.0 NA NA NA 0.0 NA
Iraq 1 12.0 6.5–18.9 NA NA 12.0 6.5–18.9
Saudi Arabia 1 18.5 14.9–22.5 NA NA 18.5 14.9–22.5
Europe All 3 0.0 NA NA NA 0.0 NA
Cyprus 1 0.0 NA NA NA 0.0 NA
France 1 0.0 NA NA NA 0.0 NA
Sweden 1 0.0 NA NA NA 0.0 NA
Southeast Asia All 10 22.8 16.5–29.7 23.3 13.6–34.5 22.1 16.4–28.4
Indonesia 3 9.1 7.7–10.6 9.1 7.7–10.6 0.0 NA
Thailand 7 25.9 19.5–32.8 29.3 18.7–41.1 22.1 16.4–28.4
Western Pacific All 19 15.6 8.2–24.9 16.1 3.0–36.5 15.5 6.8–26.8
China 3 2.1 0.0–11.9 NA NA 2.1 0.0–11.9
Fiji 2 13.7 7.4–21.4 7.5 5.9–9.3 19.2 12.5–26.9
French Polynesia 4 40.7 26.6–67.4 40.0 8.2–77.5 42.1 7.5–82.0
Lao PDR 1 7.0 2.7–13.2 4.5 2.5–6.9 9.9 7.8–12.2
Malaysia 3 7.1 0.7–19.0 1.7 0.2–4.2 7.7 0.0–37.8
Papua New Guinea 1 64.9 58.3–71.3 NA NA 64.9 58.3–71.3
Solomon Islands 1 28.1 25.4–30.9 NA NA 28.1 25.4–30.9
Taiwan 1 0.5 0.0–2.0 NA NA 0.5 0.0–2.0
The Philippines 1 17.9 14.8–21.2 NA NA 17.9 14.8–21.2
Vietnam 2 1.0 0.4–1.7 0.6 0.0–2.4 1.1 0.5–2.0

NA: No data available.

a84 studies in total: 4 studies including more than one country.

bOne of the studies without data for the year