Table 1. Seroprevalence of Zika virus per World Health Organization region and per study period.
| WHO region | Country | Studies per country | Study period | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Jan 2000-Jul 2023 | Jan 2000-Apr 2015 | May 2015-Jul 2023 | |||||
| Prevalence | Prevalence | Prevalence | ||||||
| % | 95%CI | % | 95%CI | % | 95%CI | |||
| Worldwide (84 studies) |
Overall | 91a | 21.0 | 16.1–26.4 | 12.6 | 6.4–20.4 | 25.7 | 20.5–31.3 |
| Africa | All | 25 | 8.4 | 4.8–12.9 | 5.1 | 1.2–11.2 | 15.0 | 9.2–21.9 |
| Burkina Faso | 1 | 22.8 | 19.2–26.5 | NA | NA | 22.8 | 19.2–26.5 | |
| Cabo Verde | 1 | 10.9 | 8.1–14.0 | NA | NA | 10.9 | 8.1–14.0 | |
| Cameroon | 1 | 4.9 | 3.7–6.3 | NA | NA | 4.9 | 3.7–6.3 | |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1 | 0.1 | 0.0–0.4 | 0.1 | 0.0–0.4 | NA | NA | |
| Ethiopia | 1 | 27.3 | 20.5–34.8 | NA | NA | 27.3 | 20.5–34.8 | |
| Gabon | 1 | 43.7 | 33.7–53.9 | 52.6 | 36.6–68.4 | 41.6 | 30.4–53.1 | |
| Ghana | 1 | 13.1 | 9.1–17.8 | 13.1 | 9.1–17.8 | NA | NA | |
| Kenya | 2 | 1.5 | 0.0–7.1 | 0.2 | 0.0–0.7 | 3.9 | 2.7–5.3 | |
| Madagascar | 1 | 0.0 | NA | 0.0 | NA | NA | NA | |
| Mali | 2 | 7.0 | 1.7–15.6 | 5.6 | 3.0–16.5 | 12.0 | 9.8–14.3 | |
| Nigeria | 5 | 13.1 | 6.6–21.3 | NA | NA | 13.1 | 6.6–21.3 | |
| Republic of the Congo | 1 | 1.8 | 0.7–3.4 | 1.8 | 0.7–3.4 | NA | NA | |
| Rwanda | 1 | 1.4 | 0.7–2.3 | NA | NA | 1.4 | 0.7–2.3 | |
| Senegal | 1 | 10.1 | 4.8–17.0 | 10.1 | 4.8–17.0 | NA | NA | |
| Sudan | 1 | 0.1 | 0.0–0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0–0.2 | NA | NA | |
| Tanzania | 1 | 6.7 | 5.5–7.9 | NA | NA | 6.7 | 5.5–7.9 | |
| The Gambia | 1 | 1.8 | 0.0–6.2 | 1.8 | 0.0–6.2 | NA | NA | |
| Zambia | 2b | 7.9 | 3.9–13.1 | NA | NA | 10.7 | 6.9–15.3 | |
| America | All | 31 | 39.9 | 30.3–49.9 | 0.0 | NA | 39.9 | 30.3–49.9 |
| Bolivia | 1 | 29.1 | 26.0–32.3 | NA | NA | 29.1 | 26.0–32.3 | |
| Brazil | 13 | 36.9 | 24.9–49.8 | 0.0 | NA | 36.9 | 24.9–49.8 | |
| Colombia | 4 | 56.6 | 15.7–92.7 | NA | NA | 56.6 | 15.7–92.7 | |
| French Guiana | 1 | 23.3 | 21.7–24.9 | NA | NA | 23.3 | 21.7–24.9 | |
| Guatemala | 1 | 21.8 | 17.8–26.1 | NA | NA | 21.8 | 17.8–26.1 | |
| Honduras | 1 | 73.8 | 69.9–77.6 | NA | NA | 73.8 | 69.9–77.6 | |
| Jamaica | 1 | 15.6 | 12.7–18.6 | NA | NA | 15.6 | 12.7–18.6 | |
| Martinique | 1 | 21.9 | 18.6–25.3 | NA | NA | 21.9 | 18.6–25.3 | |
| Mexico | 2 | 60.1 | 56.9–63.2 | NA | NA | 60.1 | 56.9–63.2 | |
| Nicaragua | 3 | 57.0 | 37.8–75.1 | NA | NA | 57.0 | 37.8–75.1 | |
| Peru | 1 | 13.0 | 9.9–16.5 | NA | NA | 13.0 | 9.9–16.5 | |
| Puerto Rico | 1 | 34.0 | 29.4–38.7 | NA | NA | 34.0 | 29.4–38.7 | |
| Suriname | 1 | 35.1 | 31.7–38.5 | NA | NA | 35.1 | 31.7–38.5 | |
| Eastern Mediterranean | All | 3 | 16.0 | 10.1–23.1 | NA | NA | 16.0 | 10.1–23.1 |
| Iran | 1 | 0.0 | NA | NA | NA | 0.0 | NA | |
| Iraq | 1 | 12.0 | 6.5–18.9 | NA | NA | 12.0 | 6.5–18.9 | |
| Saudi Arabia | 1 | 18.5 | 14.9–22.5 | NA | NA | 18.5 | 14.9–22.5 | |
| Europe | All | 3 | 0.0 | NA | NA | NA | 0.0 | NA |
| Cyprus | 1 | 0.0 | NA | NA | NA | 0.0 | NA | |
| France | 1 | 0.0 | NA | NA | NA | 0.0 | NA | |
| Sweden | 1 | 0.0 | NA | NA | NA | 0.0 | NA | |
| Southeast Asia | All | 10 | 22.8 | 16.5–29.7 | 23.3 | 13.6–34.5 | 22.1 | 16.4–28.4 |
| Indonesia | 3 | 9.1 | 7.7–10.6 | 9.1 | 7.7–10.6 | 0.0 | NA | |
| Thailand | 7 | 25.9 | 19.5–32.8 | 29.3 | 18.7–41.1 | 22.1 | 16.4–28.4 | |
| Western Pacific | All | 19 | 15.6 | 8.2–24.9 | 16.1 | 3.0–36.5 | 15.5 | 6.8–26.8 |
| China | 3 | 2.1 | 0.0–11.9 | NA | NA | 2.1 | 0.0–11.9 | |
| Fiji | 2 | 13.7 | 7.4–21.4 | 7.5 | 5.9–9.3 | 19.2 | 12.5–26.9 | |
| French Polynesia | 4 | 40.7 | 26.6–67.4 | 40.0 | 8.2–77.5 | 42.1 | 7.5–82.0 | |
| Lao PDR | 1 | 7.0 | 2.7–13.2 | 4.5 | 2.5–6.9 | 9.9 | 7.8–12.2 | |
| Malaysia | 3 | 7.1 | 0.7–19.0 | 1.7 | 0.2–4.2 | 7.7 | 0.0–37.8 | |
| Papua New Guinea | 1 | 64.9 | 58.3–71.3 | NA | NA | 64.9 | 58.3–71.3 | |
| Solomon Islands | 1 | 28.1 | 25.4–30.9 | NA | NA | 28.1 | 25.4–30.9 | |
| Taiwan | 1 | 0.5 | 0.0–2.0 | NA | NA | 0.5 | 0.0–2.0 | |
| The Philippines | 1 | 17.9 | 14.8–21.2 | NA | NA | 17.9 | 14.8–21.2 | |
| Vietnam | 2 | 1.0 | 0.4–1.7 | 0.6 | 0.0–2.4 | 1.1 | 0.5–2.0 | |
NA: No data available.
a84 studies in total: 4 studies including more than one country.
bOne of the studies without data for the year