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. 2021 Apr 2;7(14):eabd1453. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abd1453

Fig. 1. Colonic mucosal neutrophil infiltrates and ChemR23 overexpression are associated with nonresponse to anti-TNF and anti-α4β7 mAb therapies in IBD.

Fig. 1

(A) Neutrophils transcriptomic signature fraction among immune cells using CIBERSORT analysis in intestinal biopsies of non-IBD patients (black, n = 18), responders (R) (green), and nonresponders (NR) (orange) before and after TNF treatment. Meta-analysis [datasets GSE16879 (42), GSE12251 (43), and GSE73661 (44)] of colon biopsies from three UC cohorts (responders n = 28 to 15, nonresponders n = 41 to 31) and analysis [dataset GSE16879 (42)] of colon and ileal biopsies from a CD cohort (responders n = 24 to 23, nonresponders n = 19) with histological healing as the anti-TNF response criteria. (B) Representative H&E staining (left) from colon biopsies of UC and ileal biopsies of CD patients with white arrows indicating neutrophils infiltrates. Neutrophil-associated histological Robarts score quantification (right) in colon and ileal biopsies from a local French cohort of UC and CD patients before treatment with anti-TNF: UC (responders n = 6, nonresponders n = 8) and CD (responders n = 9, nonresponders n = 6). (C) Lichtiger score of the same cohort as in (D). (Responders, green; nonresponders, orange). (D) ChemR23 transcriptomic relative expression in intestinal biopsies from the same IBD cohorts as in (A) before and after anti-TNF treatment. (E) ChemR23 transcriptomic relative expression in colon biopsies of patients with UC before and after anti-α4β7 mAb therapy: dataset GSE73661 (44), responders n = 9 to 22, nonresponders n = 30 to 37. (F) Representative staining of the ChemR23 protein expression from colon biopsies of UC and ileal biopsies of patients with CD from the local cohort in (B). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.005 (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests).