Table 2:

Adverse effects related to targeted therapy classes, grouped by their target gene^*

Target gene	Common adverse effects	Serious adverse effects
KRAS (G12C)	Fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, elevated liver enzymes, arthralgias	Pneumonitis
EGFR	Rash, nail changes, diarrhea	Pneumonitis, cardiomyopathy
ALK	Laboratory abnormalities (elevation in cholesterol or triglycerides, creatine kinase, and glucose), peripheral edema, diarrhea, cognitive changes‡	Bradycardia, pneumonitis
BRAF	Pyrexia, nausea, diarrhea, hypertension	Cardiomyopathy
MET	Peripheral edema, nausea, dyspnea, elevated creatinine, elevated amylase without pancreatitis§	Pneumonitis, pleural effusions
ROS1 †	Diarrhea, nausea, visual changes, elevated liver enzymes, hypophosphatemia	–
RET	Diarrhea, dry mouth, hypertension, nausea, peripheral edema, hyponatremia	–
NTRK	Fatigue, constipation, dysgeusia, dizziness, dysesthesia, mood changes, peripheral edema	Mood disorder, increased risk of fractures (falls)

^*List of adverse effects is not exhaustive; adverse effects may vary depending on the exact drug used.

^†In some instances, neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase inhibitors (e.g., entrectinib) are also used for patients with mutations in ROS1 fusion genes; shared adverse effects are listed under NTRK.

^‡Adverse effects vary substantially from drug to drug.

^§Peripheral edema may be substantial.