Table 1.

ISLE-ReSt Statement—Checklist of items to include when reporting spatial lifecourse epidemiologic studies.

	Item No	Recommendation
Title	1	Indicate the primary exposure variable(s) and main outcome variable(s)
Abstract	2	Provide in the abstract an informative and balanced summary of objectives, methods (including study design, primary exposure variable(s) of interest, including data sources, and main outcome variable(s) of interest), results (association between primary exposures and main outcomes of interest), and conclusions
Introduction
Background/Rationale	3	Explain the scientific background and rationale for the investigation being reported; provide a specific conceptual or theoretical framework/description of links between environmental and health variables included
Objectives	4	State specific objectives, including pre-specified hypotheses
Methods
Study design	5	Present full description of study design, including a clear rationale for the spatial scale at which exposure was measured
Setting	6	Describe the setting, locations, and relevant dates (e.g., periods of recruitment, exposure, follow-up, and data collection)
Participants/Sample size	7	Give the eligibility criteria, and the sources and methods of selection of participants; describe methods of follow-up and how the study size was determined; describe approaches to link participant data to spatial locations (e.g., method, reference data set, coordinate systems, and software package used to geocode, % of participants geocoded to an address and/or a predefined areal unit)
Variables	8	Clearly define all outcomes, exposures, predictors, potential confounders, and effect modifiers; give diagnostic criteria, if applicable
Health data sources/measurement	9	For each variable of interest, give sources of data and details of methods of assessment (measurement); describe comparability of assessment methods if there is more than one group
Bias	10	Describe any efforts to address potential sources of bias
Quantitative variables	11	Explain how quantitative variables were handled in the analyses; describe which groupings were chosen and why, if applicable
Spatial data	12	GIS— Give data source (URL if open source data), time of collection, spatial resolution, and processing methods
		RS— Give the name and spatiotemporal resolutions of satellite sensors from which images are derived, dates images were taken, and any preprocessing procedures; provide the processing method and/or the citation for RS products
		GPS(+accelerometer)— Give the name, model, and measurement error of all devices, the interval, period, and duration of data collection
		Smartphone app— Give the details (e.g., measurement error) of the device used, the name and platform of the app used, the frequency and recording of location updates, and the method, period, and duration of data collection (e.g., food image-taking)
		Other sensor data— Specify the technology, developer, detailed usage and measurement error of the sensor, the frequency and recording of location updates, and the method, period, and duration of data collection
Spatial methods	13	GIS— Describe the method, justification, and software package used to produce spatial factors (e.g., buffer type and radius for defining contextual areas, codes used for extracting features from commercial data sets) and match spatial factors with health data
		RS— Describe the method and software package used to (pre)process images/products, produce spatial factors, and match spatial factors with health data
		GPS(and accelerometer) and Smartphone app— Give the numbers of valid days and hours per day required for a valid day, criteria for non-wear, and accelerometer count thresholds for intensity of activity, and the methods used to (pre)process tracked location data, define activity space, and validate the collected data (e.g., travel diary, dietary recall, and food frequency questionnaire)
Statistical methods	14	Describe all statistical methods (e.g., those used to control for confounding, clustering, endogeneity, and spatial autocorrelation), any methods used to examine subgroups and interactions, and any sensitivity analyses, including spatial inspection of residuals from models; explain how missing data, outliers, and loss to follow-up were addressed
Results
Participants	15	Consider a flow diagram to report numbers of individuals at each stage of study and reasons for non-participation at each stage
Descriptive data	16	Give characteristics of study participants (e.g., sociodemographic, geographical, clinical) and information on exposures
Outcome data	17	Report numbers of outcome events or summary measures over time
Main results	18	Give unadjusted estimates and, if applicable, confounder-adjusted estimates and their precision (e.g., 95% confidence interval); make clear which confounders were adjusted for and why they were included; report category boundaries when continuous variables were categorized
Other analyses	19	Report other analyses done (e.g., subgroup, interaction, mediation, and sensitivity analyses) and spatial autocorrelation diagnostics
Discussion
Key results	20	Summarize key results with reference to study objectives
Interpretation	21	Give a cautious overall interpretation of results considering objectives, limitations, multiplicity of analyses, results from similar studies, and other relevant evidence
Limitations	22	Describe limitations of the study (e.g., limitations of spatial data and methods used, temporal mismatches between health and spatial data, different spatial data sources at different time points, exposure misclassification issues, extent of reflecting real environmental exposure, potential direction and magnitude of bias, the uncertain geographic context problem, the neighborhood effect averaging problem, spatial and temporal non-stationarity, neighborhood self-selection, selective daily mobility bias, and selective migration)
Generalizability	23	Describe the generalizability (external validity) of the study results
Other information
Source of funding	24	Give the source of funding and the role of the funders for the present study
Conflict of interest	25	Describe any potential for conflict of interest of study contributors in accordance with journal policy
Data sharing statement	26	Describe which data could be shared and how to access data (including codes of processing files).

GIS– Geographic Information Systems; RS– remote sensing; GPS– Global Positioning Systems.