Table 3. Survival Estimates for Patients With HCC, Adjusting for Lead-Time and Length-Time Biases.
| Variable | Survival rate, % (95% CI)a | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 y | 3 y | 5 y | |
| Crude (not adjusted for lead-time or length-time biases) | |||
| Non–screen-detected HCC | 63 (51-77) | 25 (14-46) | 8 (3-26) |
| Screen-detected HCC | 75 (62-90) | 46 (29-75) | 32 (16-65) |
| Adjusted for lead time | |||
| Mean sojourn time of 4 mo | 68 (54-87) | 44 (26-73) | 31 (15-65) |
| Mean sojourn time of 5 mo | 66 (51-86) | 43 (26-73) | 30 (14-64) |
| Mean sojourn time of 6 mo | 65 (50-85) | 43 (25-72) | 29 (14-63) |
| Adjusted for lead and length timeb | |||
| Mean sojourn time of 4 mo | 59 (47-76) | 38 (23-64) | 27 (13-57) |
| Mean sojourn time of 5 mo | 57 (44-75) | 37 (23-64) | 26 (12-56) |
| Mean sojourn time of 6 mo | 57 (44-74) | 37 (22-63) | 25 (12-55) |
Abbreviation: HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma.
a
Adjusted for age at diagnosis, sex, race, body mass index, insurance status, liver disease etiology, Child Pugh class as a continuous variable, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group class.
b
Length-time adjustment is based on calculated Φ = 0.87.