Table 1.

Animal models for Ebola virus

Animal	Virus	Inoculation route	Human disease display	Lethal	Ease of handling	Tools and reagents	Cost	Use/predictive value
Laboratory mouse	MA-EBOV	IP, IN, AR	Low	Yes	Easy	Yes	Cheap	Screening model/low
Humanized mouse	WT-EBOV	IP	Medium	Yes	Easy	Yes	Expensive	Not well established/unknown
CC-RIX mouse	MA-EBOV	IP	Dep.	Dep.	Easy	Yes	NA	Not well established/unknown
Hamster	MA-EBOV	IP	Medium	Yes	Easy	Limited	Cheap	Screening model/medium
Guinea pig	GPA-EBOV	IP, SC, AR	Low	Yes	Easy to moderate	Limited	Cheap	Screening model/medium
Ferret	WT-EBOV	IN	Medium	Yes	Moderate to difficult	Limited	Moderate	Not well established/unknown
Nonhuman primate	WT-EBOV	Various	High	Yes	Difficult	Yes	Expensive	Confirmatory model/high

Abbreviations: AR, aerosol; Dep., depends on CC-RIX strain (asymptomatic, disease, lethality); GPA, guinea pig adapted; IN, intranasal; IP, intraperitoneal; MA, mouse adapted; NA, not applicable (no commercial source); SC, subcutaneous; WT, wild type.