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. 2024 Apr 25;56(4):809–819. doi: 10.1038/s12276-024-01226-x

Fig. 2. Schematic drawing of the molecular mechanism of BIPS versus SIPS.

Fig. 2

a SIPS is driven by multivalent protein‒protein interaction sites, normally in IDRs. A multivalent protein‒protein binding site (pink) in each protein can induce protein cluster formation, and the clusters interact with DNA to organize chromatin structure. b BIPS shows DNA length-dependent protein binding (~100 bp), DNA‒protein-DNA bridging (~3 kbp), and DNA‒protein clustering (~10 kbp). A protein with multivalent DNA‒protein binding sites (orange) can bind and bridge DNA to induce phase condensation.