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. 2024 Apr 1;56(4):922–934. doi: 10.1038/s12276-024-01199-x

Fig. 1. Diminished cardiolipin levels result in age-related muscle loss.

Fig. 1

a Schematic showing cardiolipin biosynthesis and remodeling in the mitochondrial matrix. b Total cardiolipin levels in the mitochondria of TA muscle from young and aged mice (n = 6 per group). c qPCR analyses of the expression of cardiolipin synthesis markers (Ptpmt1, Crls1) and remodeling genes (Pnpla8, Lclat1 and Tafazzin) in young and old TA muscle (n = 8 per group). d qPCR analysis of Crls1 gene expression in young and old mouse tissue. Sol: soleus, GA: gastrocnemius, QD: quadriceps, EDL: extensor digitorum longus, TA: tibialis anterior, heart, tongue, diaphragm. (n = 3 per group). e Immunoblots showing total Crls1 and mitochondrial complex protein levels in young and old hindlimb skeletal muscle. Mitochondrial complex and Crls1 protein expression levels relative to tubulin protein in young and old hindlimb skeletal muscle. (n = 3 per group). f Immunoblots of total Crls1 and mitochondrial complex protein from young and old TA skeletal muscle. Mitochondrial complex and Crls1 protein expression levels relative to total protein in young and old TA skeletal muscle. (n = 5 per group). The data are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) of n ≥ 3 independent experiments. P values were calculated using an unpaired Student’s t test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; n.s.: nonsignificant. Abbreviations: C57Bl/6j young (4 to 5 mo.) and aged (>22 mo.) mice were used. TA tibialis anterior, EDL extensor digitorum longus, GA gastrocnemius, QD quadriceps.